Funding

Question 1

UN Budget

Answer 1

• ACABQ proposal to 5th Committee
• Reviewed twice before being sent to GA for approval
• USA has permanent seat in ACABQ thrf has direct influence in drafting it
• Passed through consensus in UN GA as of 1986 instead of 2/3 majority
• Has 4 separate budgets, regular budget for UN core activities
• States can withhold payment as leverage depending on power of state [France and USSR wouldn’t fund UfP missions to Congo in 1962]

Question 2

UN Funds and Programmes

Answer 2

• Paid for through voluntary contributions

- Can make them reliant on certain states

Question 3

UN SC

Answer 3

• Peacekeeping budget separate from regular budget after Certain Expenses case, 1962
• Financed through assessed contributions
• Troops reimbursed by UN
• States paying often don’t send send troops as well and vice versa

Question 4

WBG Budget

Answer 4

• Members have to buy shares to join, 20% paid in gold or USD
• Subscriptions used as collateral for loans WB takes out
• No legal capacity to make govts. pay back loan
• Relies on threat of cutting off loan, reputational costs, and lack of access to future loans

Question 5

IMF

Answer 5

• States pay subscription which becomes ‘general resources’ used for loans
• Cannot legally force govt. to pay back loans
• Threat of not accessing resources in future, political pressure, and reputational costs are informal enforcement measures

Question 6

NATO

Answer 6

• Assessed contributions
• Voluntary contributions for countries involved in specific missions
• ‘Costs fall where they may’, countries have 6-month rota to provide standing forces