Fundamentals of Radiology Flashcards
Matter is anything that occupies space and has…
Mass
All matter is composed of fundamental building blocks called…
Atoms
That quantity of matter contained in any physical object is?
Mass
What is the unit of energy used in Radiology?
eV (electron bolt)
Energy is defined as…
The ability to do work
What is potential energy (PE)?
The ability to do work by virtue of position
What is kinetic energy (KE)?
Energy of motion
What is Electrical energy?
Work that can be done when an electron moves through an electric potential difference (voltage)
Thermal energy (heat)?
- Energy of motion at the molecular level
- The kinetic energy of molecules
Nuclear energy?
Energy that is contained within the nucleus of an atom
- Controlled =>Nuclear Reactor
- Uncontrolled => Atomic Bomb
Electromagnetic energy?
Energy that is transmitted through space as a combination of electric and magnetic fields
The most important type of energy in the field of radiology is?
- Electromagnetic energy
* x-rays are a form of EM energy
Electromagnetic energy is sometimes referred to as…
Radiant energy or radiation
What is ionizing radiation?
Any type of radiation that is capable of removing an orbital electron from the atom with which it interacts
Matter and ______ are interchangeable.
Energy
What are the (3) basic measurable quantities?
- Length
- Mass
- Time
What are the building blocks of all other quantities?
- Length
- Mass
- Time
How many feet are in a mile?
5,280
What is the unit of mass?
Kilogram
1 kg= the has of 1000cm3 of water at 4°C
What is the unit of time?
- The Second
- Based on the vibration of Cesium atoms
What is velocity?
- Speed
- Measure of how fast an object is moving
- Rate of change of its position with time
What is acceleration?
- The rate of change of velocity with time
- Measure of how quickly or slowly velocity is changing
What’s Newton’s First law of Motion?
A body will remain at rest or will continue to move with constant velocity in a straight line unless acted on by an external force
What’s Newton’s Second law of Motion?
The force (f) that acts on an object is equal to the mass (m) of the object times the acceleration produced. F=ma
What’s Newton’s Third law of Motion?
For every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction
What is weight?
The force on a body due to the pull of gravity?
The value of acceleration due to gravity on the moon is only about ______ that on the Earth.
1/6
Define Work?
The force applied to an object times the distance over which it is applied
Define Power?
The rate of doing work
Define Heat?
The KE of the random motion of molecules
What can excessive heat do to the x-ray tube?
Cause permanent damage
What is scientific notation?
Method of expressing very large or very small numbers using exponents
Mega:
One million
Kilo:
One thousand
Centi:
One one hundredth
Milli:
One one thousandth
Micro:
One one millionth
