Fundamentals of Radiology

Question 1

Matter is anything that occupies space and has…

Answer 1

Mass

Question 2

All matter is composed of fundamental building blocks called…

Answer 2

Atoms

Question 3

That quantity of matter contained in any physical object is?

Answer 3

Mass

Question 4

What is the unit of energy used in Radiology?

Answer 4

eV (electron bolt)

Question 5

Energy is defined as…

Answer 5

The ability to do work

Question 6

What is potential energy (PE)?

Answer 6

The ability to do work by virtue of position

Question 7

What is kinetic energy (KE)?

Answer 7

Energy of motion

Question 8

What is Electrical energy?

Answer 8

Work that can be done when an electron moves through an electric potential difference (voltage)

Question 9

Thermal energy (heat)?

Answer 9

• Energy of motion at the molecular level

- The kinetic energy of molecules

Question 10

Nuclear energy?

Answer 10

Energy that is contained within the nucleus of an atom

• Controlled =>Nuclear Reactor
• Uncontrolled => Atomic Bomb

Question 11

Electromagnetic energy?

Answer 11

Energy that is transmitted through space as a combination of electric and magnetic fields

Question 12

The most important type of energy in the field of radiology is?

Answer 12

• Electromagnetic energy

* x-rays are a form of EM energy

Question 13

Electromagnetic energy is sometimes referred to as…

Answer 13

Radiant energy or radiation

Question 14

What is ionizing radiation?

Answer 14

Any type of radiation that is capable of removing an orbital electron from the atom with which it interacts

Question 15

Matter and ______ are interchangeable.

Answer 15

Energy

Question 16

What are the (3) basic measurable quantities?

Answer 16

1. Length
2. Mass
3. Time

Question 17

What are the building blocks of all other quantities?

Answer 17

• Length
• Mass
• Time

Question 18

How many feet are in a mile?

Answer 18

5,280

Question 19

What is the unit of mass?

Answer 19

Kilogram

1 kg= the has of 1000cm3 of water at 4°C

Question 20

What is the unit of time?

Answer 20

• The Second

- Based on the vibration of Cesium atoms

Question 21

What is velocity?

Answer 21

• Speed
• Measure of how fast an object is moving
• Rate of change of its position with time

Question 22

What is acceleration?

Answer 22

• The rate of change of velocity with time

- Measure of how quickly or slowly velocity is changing

Question 23

What’s Newton’s First law of Motion?

Answer 23

A body will remain at rest or will continue to move with constant velocity in a straight line unless acted on by an external force

Question 24

What’s Newton’s Second law of Motion?

Answer 24

The force (f) that acts on an object is equal to the mass (m) of the object times the acceleration produced. F=ma

Question 25

What’s Newton’s Third law of Motion?

Answer 25

For every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction

Question 26

What is weight?

Answer 26

The force on a body due to the pull of gravity?

Question 27

The value of acceleration due to gravity on the moon is only about ______ that on the Earth.

Answer 27

1/6

Question 28

Define Work?

Answer 28

The force applied to an object times the distance over which it is applied

Question 29

Define Power?

Answer 29

The rate of doing work

Question 30

Define Heat?

Answer 30

The KE of the random motion of molecules

Question 31

What can excessive heat do to the x-ray tube?

Answer 31

Cause permanent damage

Question 32

What is scientific notation?

Answer 32

Method of expressing very large or very small numbers using exponents

Question 33

Mega:

Answer 33

One million

Question 34

Kilo:

Answer 34

One thousand

Question 35

Centi:

Answer 35

One one hundredth

Question 36

Milli:

Answer 36

One one thousandth

Question 37

Micro:

Answer 37

One one millionth