Fundamentals Flashcards
What is Phylogenetic Classification
Evolutionary relationships between organisms from Darwin’s theory of evolution. Random and ‘ survival of the fittest’
What are the three domains of life
Bacteria, Archaea and Eukaryota
What organism is a single celled microorganism that live in extreme conditions
Archaea
Which organisms cells contain membrane bound organelles and contains a nucleus
Eukaryotes
what three elements make up carbohydrates
Carbon, Hydrogen and Oxygen
What main energy source in humans is stored in the liver and muscles
Carbohydrates
The branched chains of carbohydrates allow it to convert into what
glucose through hydrolysis
What two processes do lipids have
energy stores and form cell membranes
What does DNA and RNA stand for
Deoxyribonucelicacid and ribonucleic acid
what does the sequencing of amino acids determine
structure and function of proteins
What is the difference in mitosis and meiosis
mitosis- single parent cell divides to make 2 daughter cells. Each daughter cell receives a complete set of chromosomes from the parent cell
Meiosis- cell division of germ cells that produces the gametes, such as sperm or egg cells. It involves two rounds of division that ultimately result in four cells with only one copy of each chromosome (reduces the number of chromosomes in the parent cell by half and produces four gamete cells)
how are amino acids joined
peptide bonds
how can mitochondrial DNA be used for forensics
Only maternal and remains unchanged in generations, especially older samples as there are 1000s of copies of mtdna opposed to dna from nuculas
which of the following is not a base of DNA
A. Adenine
B. Guanine
C. Cysteine
D. Thymine
C- Cysteine, it’s actually cytosine
What is the flow of information in the central dogma
DNA-RNA- Protiens
