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DD307 > Fundamental Attribution Error > Flashcards

Fundamental Attribution Error Flashcards

1
Q

Who objects to objective thought?

A

Merleau-Ponty

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2
Q

Is fundamental attribution error universal across cultures?

A

No

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3
Q

What becomes dominant in our perception when interacting with others?

A

Others behaviour

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4
Q

What is our natural attitude?

A

Predisposition towards social explanations

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5
Q

What was Heider’s model of the person?

A

Intuitive scientist, stores data about the world, summarises, analyses and interprets it with aim of formulating rules

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6
Q

Which existential phenomenologists emphasised the impossibility of achieving a value-free perspective?

A

Heidegger, Sartre and Merleau-Ponty

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7
Q

What is perceptual focussing?

A

Focussing on the person as opposed to situational background

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8
Q

What are the three types of information we look for in Kelley’s covariation model?

A

Consensus, distinctiveness and consistency

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9
Q

Whose two stage model provides a more widely supported explanation for attribution error?

A

Trope (1986)

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10
Q

What could be argued about phenomenologists?

A

Neglect unconscious processes and language

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11
Q

Who initiated the phenomenological movement?

A

Husserl

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12
Q

How do phenomenologists challenge the existence of the fundamental attribution error?

A

Cognitive processes are not important and individuals instantly perceive others through their senses

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13
Q

What is correspondence bias (Jones and Harris)?

A

Focus on internal dispositions as opposed to external situational factors

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14
Q

What was Merleau-Ponty’s focus?

A

Lived world and phenomenological approach.

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15
Q

What can affect fundamental attribution error?

A

Culture, age, mood, individual differences

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16
Q

What do individuals do to protect their self-esteem?

A

Make motivational attributions and use others opinions of their own dispositions and abilities

17
Q

How have mainstream cognitive approaches sought to explain fundamental attribution error?

A

Individuals information processing and inherent bias

18
Q

When did attribution theory emerge and with whom?

A

Late 1950’s. Fritz Heider

19
Q

How does mood change fundamental attribution error?

A

Good mood enhances dispositional attributions, bad mood reduces them

20
Q

What are the two stages of Tropes’ model?

A

Spontaneous identification and deliberate inferential processes

21
Q

What is attribution theory?

A

Behaviour explanation

22
Q

Who had similar views to Heider arguing against objective thought?

A

Merleau-Ponty (1962)

23
Q

Who says that ‘behaviour should be understood as a product of both person and environment’?

A

Sabini et al (2001)

eg drug addict

24
Q

What was Merleau-Ponty’s most valuable contribution to phenomenological thought?

A

Lived world (anti-dualist) with emphasis on perception as direct contact with the world

25
Q

What can we do to minimalise our natural attitude which predisposes us to certain social explanations and contaminates our appreciation of phenomena?

A

Bracketing

26
Q

What are the errors of Heider’s model of the person?

A

Individuals’ oversights, failings and bias

27
Q

How do we acquire fundamental attribution error?

A

Almost certainly learned

28
Q

What are the three stages of Gilberts’ model?

A

Categorisation, characterisation and correction

29
Q

Apart from Merleau-Ponty and Heider, who else adopted a similar phenomenological approach?

A

Langridge and Butt

30
Q

Who maintained a social cognitive perspective?

A

Lipe (1991)

lacks face validity and adequate empirical support

31
Q

Who uses a similar model to Trope?

A

Gilbert et al (3 stage model)

32
Q

What is dualism?

A

No one feature of the lived world can be separated from another

33
Q

Who distinguishes between cognitive and motivational explanations for fundamental attribution error?

A

Vonk (1999)

DD307 (6 decks)

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