Functions Of Mgmt Flashcards
What is a mission statement
The “reason for being” (philosophy or creed)
What are Principles
Guidelines for human conduct that have value
What is a needs assessment
Gathers data to shape strategies for accomplishing mission
What is interdependent planning
Only one person involved (usually boss)
What is associate planning
The leader and others are involved in planning
What is participative planning
A general outline is provided and employees fill in the details
What is removed planning
Employees make a complete plan and submit it to the manager for approval
What is a policy
General guidelines for decision-making
What is a procedure
Specify chronological order the steps necessary to achieve an objective or carry out a policy
What is disaster planning
Plan that covers employee responsibility in a disaster
What is time management
Way of establishing priorities on the basis of importance and urgency
What is Scheduling
Time frame and sequence of performance of activity
What is a formal organizational structure?
Used a framework established by top mgmt to describe the relationships of people. (Who supervises who)
What is informal organizational structure?
A network of personal and social relationships that arise as people work together
What is productivity
Relationship of output of goods/services vs input of resources
What is theory z productivity
Emphasis on manage and workers planning and working together
What is Maslows hierarchy of needs?
Based on the idea that human needs are dependent on what one already has and only unsatisfird needs influence behavior
Physiological - safety and security - social - esteem and status - self realization
What is McClelland known for
People with a high level of achievement have the following characteristics:
Take responsibility for solving probs
Take on difficult goals
Importance on feedback
Herzbergs theory of motivational factors:
Job satisfaction and motivation come from giving them greater responsibility
Herzbergs hygiene theory
Workers are more likely to be satisfied with marginal factors (pay benefits) if motivation factors are high
What is the autocratic method of leading
Leaders make decisions and announce them to subordinates (theory x )
What is the participative method of leadership
Leaders identify problems and enlist input before making the final decision (theory x)
What is the democratic way of leadership
Leaders ask subordinates to make decisions (theory y )
What is the blake mouton managerial grid
Managers use this grid to determine whether their values and feelings are task or people oriented
Frederick Taylor
Father of scientific management
Studied individual in terms of time and motion
Emphasis on expertise and efficacy
Identify one right way to complete a task
Matching worker to task
Motivation is money
Henry fayol
Management by function studied on major function
Developed mgmt principles : planning organizing leading coordinating and controlling
Created line staff organizational chart
Chain of command
Mary Parker follet
Believed people should work together for resolution
Elton mayo
Emphasized employee participation and needs (Hawthorne effect at Westinghouse in conditions of work environment )
Douglas mcgregor
Theory x and theory y
What’s theory x
Classic management: managers exert direct control over employees
What’s theory y
Human relations model that holds workers accountable
Rensis likert
Participative mgmt - mgmt encourages and rewards employee participation results in higher productivity
William ouchi
Theory z - emphasis on planning decision making loyalty between workers and employees
Systems approach
Management views the organization as a unified system of interrelated parts operating as part of a larger external environment
Subsystems are:
Parts that make up a whole
What is synergy
The whole is greater than the sum
What is an open system
System reacts with environment
What is a closed system
The system does not interact with the environment
What is a flow system
Input enters from the environment and undergoes transformation processes and output exits system
What is the contingency approach
There is no one best way to manage every situation
What is PERT in a contingency approach
Program evaluation and review technique. It uses a network analysis diagram to coordinate complex production processes
What is the social security act 1935
Payments to retired employees 65 and older
If you take 62 you do not get full benefits (20-30% lower)
What is old age survivors and disability insurance OASDI
Gives old age benefits after retirement in monthly payments
What is the supplemental security income act
SSI support individuals with limited income and assets who are 65+ blind, or disabled
Medicare act
Medical coverage for individuals 65+
Unemployment insurance
Provides pay when separated but will not pay if quits without good cause, misconduct or in a labor dispute
Workers compensation act
State regulated to provide pay and cover medical costs if hurt on the job
National labor relations act
(Wagner act) pro labor act to not exploit workers and establish the right to organize
Fair labor standards act
Enforced by the us dept of labor- purpose of raising minimum wage
Labor management reporting and disclosure act
Protects union members from abuse by the union
Equal pay ammendment
Equal pay for women and men
Civil rights act
No discrimination based on race color or national region
Occupational safety and health act
Sets safety standards enforced withOSHA covers firms with more than 11 employees
Job training partnership act
Provides funds to state and federal agencies to train those who are hard to employ i.e. Those on wic
Immigration reform and control act
Can only hire those legally allowed to work no illegal immigrants
Family medical leave act
Gives 12 weeks leave
Good for birth of child
Placement of child in foster care or adoption
Care for spouse child or patient with serious health condition
Job analysis
All aspects of job activities of the individuals who will be hired. All work to be done
Job description
Description of job . Job evaluation and performance
Job specifications
Minimum qualifications needed to perform job
Staffing patterns
Established by mgmt to determine the appropriate number of employees presently employed and needed for further employment
Measured standards
Define the quantitative content of tasks. Easier in production process
Standard methodologies
Typical workload and times to accomplish components
Constant workloads
Activities that are not directly associated with departmental output, regardless of volume
Variable workload
Directly related to production
Interviewing process
Pre-interview Opening Questioning Closing Post interview
Privacy act
Individuals have the right to review records of any private business
Collective bargaining
Negotiation between representatives of mgmt and employees about employment wages and hours etc
Union shop
Anyone can be hired but must join the union
Open shop
Employees are not required to join union
Closed shop
Employees must join union before hired
Agency shop
Service fee is paid to the union for representation
Yellow dog contract
Employees sign a contract with management not to join a union
EAP
Employee assistance program help employees with personal problems
Incremental budget
Based on existing budget with a fixed percentage added to each category to cover inflation or projecting change for the following year based on expected changes
Performance budget
Gives priority and additional funding to functions that exceed income generation projections, have high productivity, or that meet other performance related variables
Zero based budget
Created each year without extensions of current activity costs
