Functional Group Flashcards
What is a functional group? Give an example
Group of atoms within a molecule that has a characteristic chemical behavior.
Example: Ethylene and Menthene both react to Br2 even though ethylene is a plant hormone and menthene is found in pepper mint oil because they both have C=C
Alkanes
A hydrocarbon compound that contains only single bond
Alkenes
Hydrocarbon compound that contains double bonds
Alkynes
Hydrocarbon that contain triple bonds
Arenes
Hydrocarbon compound that contain 6 ring carbon that alternates between single and double bonds
Alkyl Halides
R-X
Organic compound that consist of a halogen bonded to a carbon
Halogen: fluorine, chlorine, bromine, iodine, and astatine
Alcohol
R-OH
Organic compounds that have an OH bonded to a carbon
Ether
R-O-R
Organic compound in which the two carbons are bonded to the same oxygen
Primary Amine
R-NH2
Organic compound that consist of a nitrogen attached to one carbon group
Secondary Amine
R-NH-R
Hydrocarbon compound that consist of a nitrogen attached to two carbon groups
Tertiary Amine
RNR2
Hydrocarbon compound in which the nitrogen is attached to three carbon groups
Carbonyl Group
C=O
Carbon is double bonded to an oxygen
Aldehyde
R-CHO
Carbonyl group + hydrogen atom + variable carbon group
Ketone
R-CO-R
Carbonyl + 2 variable carbon groups
Carboxylic Acid
R-CO2H
Carbonyl + variable carbon group + OH group
