Alkyne Nomenclature, Alkyne Reactions: Hydrohalogenation and Halogenation

Question 1

What is a terminal alkyne?

Answer 1

Triple bond at the end of a carbon chain

Question 2

What is an internal alkyne?

Answer 2

Triple bond anywhere but the end of a carbon chain

Question 3

What is the hybridization of alkyne?

Answer 3

2 pi bonds and linear

Question 4

Why are terminal alkynes more acidic?

Answer 4

Hybridization of the negatively charged
carbon atom:

The more s characteristic a hydrocarbon have, the more acidic. Because the s orbitals are nearer the positive nucleus and lower in energy than p orbitals, the negative charge is stabilized to a greater extent in an orbital with higher s characters.

Question 5

Why does alkylation cause elimination instead of substitution in secondary and tertiary alkyl halides

Question 6

Dehydrohalogenation

Answer 6

Loss of HX from an alkyl halide. This occurs by reaction of of an alkyl halide with a strong base

Question 7

What is dehydration

Answer 7

Loss of water from an alcohol. This is carried out by treating an alcohol with a strong acid

Question 8

What is organohalide

Answer 8

Compounds containing at least one or more halogen

Question 9

What happens as a halogen is bulkier in an organohalide?

Answer 9

Its bond length is longer, thus its bond strength is shorter