functional anatomy of foot Flashcards
bones of the foot
talus calcaneous navicular cuboid cuneiform (med, inter, lat) MT bones
big toes
2 phalanges, others have 3
line thru MT 3 & 4 divides
medial and lateral longitudinal arches
assist in weight bearing
med long arch
calc talus navicular cuneiform first 3 MT's
high arch: distivutes weight from fib to talus
curved line btw the cuneiforms and cuboid and bases of MTs forms
transverse arch: transfers weight from 1 foot to another
lateral longitudinal arch
calc cuboid MT 45 lower and closer to ground weight from leg--> foot and onto the ground
hindfoot
calc & talus
midfoot
navicular
cuboid
cuneiform
forefoot
MT’s and phalanges
hindfoot and midfoot separated by…
transverse tarsal joint
mid and forefoot separated by…
TMT joints
dorsal muscles
EHB: MTP j,
EDB: MTP j of other toes,
deep fibular nerve
plantar aponeurosis
central portion of plantar fascia. thick and tough. divides into slips anteriorly 3 compartments: med lat central
contents of med plantar aponeurosis
med plantar N & vessel, abductor hallicus, flexor hallicus brevis
contents of lat plantar aponeurosis
lat plantar A&N, abductor and flexor digiti V
contents of central plantar aponeurosis
largest, filled with remaining structures
**plantar fasciitus occurs here, inflammation
layer 1 of plantar muscles
abductor hallicus: med plantar n
FDB: medial plantar n
abductor digiti V: lateral planter n.
layer 2 of plantar muscles
quadratus plantae: lanteral plantar n
lumbricals: flex MTP, extend IP
med 2: medial plantar
lat 2: lateral plantar
layer 3 of plantar muscles
FHB: medial plantar
adductor hallicus: lateral plantar
FDM: lat plantar
layer 4 of plantar muscles
interossei: 2nd toe is the middle, 3 plantar (medial MT345), 4 dorsal (med MT2, lat MT234)
dorsum innervation
sensory: common fib
deep fib: web space btw 1t 2 toes
sup fib: rest of dorsum
L5 dermatome
plantar innervation
tibial nerve: 2 branches
1. med plantar n: sensory to med foot
2. lat plantar n: lateral foot sensory
saphenous: cut to skin along med ankle and big toe, L4 dermatome
suralL from sciatic, sens to skin over lat ankle and toe 5, S1 dermatome
blood to dorsum
dorsalis pedis A (continuation of ant tib A)
palpation on navicular
anastomses with lat plantar branch of tib a–>deep plantar arch
veins: small saphenous–>lat leg/foot
great saphenous–> med leg/foot
blood to plantar
med&lat branches of post tibial A
joins dorsalis pedis to form deep plantar arch
