Elbow Joints

Question 1

Elbow Joints (2)

Answer 1

Synovial Hinge: between distal humerus and proximal ulna and radius. Flexion and extension ONLY

1. humeroradial joint: btw captiulum and head of radius
2. humeroulnar joint: btw trochlea and tochlear notch of ulna

Question 2

Elbow joint capsule

Answer 2

very thin capsule

attaches anteriorly to area proximal to coronoid and radial fossae and to the annular ligament

attaches posteriorly to olecranon fossa and the trochlear notch

synovial capsule iscontinuous with the proximal radioulnar joint

Question 3

Elbow joint ligaments (2)

Answer 3

1. radial (lateral) collateral: fan shaped, lateral epicondle –> tubercle on medial margin of coronoidprocess on radius
2. ulnar (medial) collateral: triangular, has 3 bands

• anterior: front of medial epicondyle–>tubercle on medial margin on coronoid
• posterior: lower back part of medial epicondyle –> medial margin of olecranon
• oblique: olecranon–>coronoid, ulna to unla, stability to prevent dislocations

Question 4

Elbow joint bursa (4)

Answer 4

1. two associated with olecranon
   
   1. subcutaneous
   2. deep to the tendon of the triceps
2. radioulnar: between extensor digitorum, supinator, and radiohumeral joint
3. interosseal: behind the supinator, lateral to triceps
4. bicipitoradial: between biceps and tuberosity of the radius

Question 5

innervation of the elbow joint (5)

Answer 5

1. musculoctaneuous: anterior lateral compartment
2. radial: post lat
3. ulnar: post med
4. median: ant med
5. anterior interossus: branch of median

Question 6

blood supply of the elbow joint

Answer 6

• anastomosis of the elbow: brings brachial in connection with radial and ulnar arteries
• permits circulation to the forarm and wrist even with complete flexion
• components
  
  • brachial artery
  • deep (profunda) brachial
  • ulnar: recurrent and collateral
  • radial: recurrent and collateral

Question 7

movements of the elbow joint

Answer 7

flexion and extension ONLY

Question 8

Proximal Radioulnar Joint type

Answer 8

Synovial pivot: btw convex head of radius and concavity on the ulna

formed by the head of the radius and the radial notch on the ulna

Question 9

Proximal Radioulnar Joint ligament

Answer 9

annular: circles the head of the radius forming 4.5 of the ring, allows for supination and pronation and free movement of the radius

Question 10

Innveration of th Proximal Radioulnar Joint (3)

Answer 10

1. musculocutaneous
2. median
3. radial

Question 11

Blood supply to the Proximal Radioulnar Joint

Answer 11

same as the elbow joint, anastomosis of the elbow

Question 12

Movements of the Proximal Radioulnar Joint

Answer 12

pronation and supination, radius moving on a fixed ulna

Question 13

Nursemaids Elbow

Answer 13

When the radius is pulled out of the annular ligament by forces on the distal extremity

common in kids 1-3

frequently dislocated by swinging kid or pulling on upper extremity too hard

fixed by making them fully extend and supinate and then pulling

Question 14

Tommy John Surgery

Answer 14

needed when there is damage to the ulnar collateral ligament.

repaired with a small tendon grafts, usually the palmaris longus used as a thread and sewed through drilled holes in the ulna and humerous.

makes the joint stronger than it was originally, controversial, especially for pitchers