Functional Anatomy Flashcards
Types of Movement
- flexion
- extension
- rotation
- circumduction
- pronation
- supination
- dorsi flexion
- plantar flexion
- adduction
- abduction
Flexion
Joint angle decreasing
Extension
Joint angle increasing
Abduction
Movement away from the midline of the body (arms and legs)
Adduction
Movement towards the midline of the body (arms and legs)
Rotation
A motion that occurs when a part turns on its axis.
E.g. The leg rotates on the hip, the head rotates on the neck.
Circumduction
The circular movement of a limb
Pronation
In the forearm, refers to the turning of the forearm and hand so that the palm is facing down.
Supination
In the forearm, refers to the turning of the forearm and hand so that the palm is facing up.
Dorsi Flexion
Movement which decreases the angle between the foot and the leg, so that the toes are brought closer to the shin.
Plantar Flexion
Movement which decreases the angle between the foot and the leg, so that the toes are brought closer to the shin.
Characteristics of Skeletal Muscle
- contractability
- extendability
- elasticity
Muscle Fibres
Slow Twitch Type 1
- slow contraction speed
- used for endurance activites
- aerobic energy system
- Fatigue resistant
- low force of contraction for extended periods
Muscle Fibres
Fast Twitch Type 2A
- intermediate speed of contraction
- moderate force of contraction
- some fatigue resistance
Muscle Fibres
Fast Twitch Type 2B
- high force of contraction
- Purely anaerobic activities
