function of the skin Flashcards
how many ;ayers does the skin have and why are their names
epidermis
dermis
subcutaneous
what type of cells is the epidermis made from
stratified squamous
what 4 cells make up 80% of the epidermis
kertinocytes, merkel, langerhans, melanoytes.
5 layers of the epidermis
Stratum basale- new cells are made here Stratum spinosum.- prickle cell Stratum granulosum. Stratum lucidum-lose nuclei Stratum corneum- lose nuclei
what structure holds kertiocytes together
desmosomes
2 layers of the dermis
superficial- papillary
deep- reticular.
what does the papillary layer contain
vessels to supply the dermis and nerve endings
what does the reticular layer contain
skin appendages
fibrogen
produces collagen/elastin
mast cells
3 types of skin appendages
sweat gland
hair follicle
sebaceous gland
define epidermolysis bullosa
loss of proteins which hold the skin together
symptoms of pidermolysis bullosa
electrolyte imbalance infections temperature control dry vitamin D deficient- skin absorbs this.
4 main functions of the skin
sensation
thermoregulation
protection
metabolic
2 types of flat non palpable lesions
macule <1 cm
patch >1 cm
4 types of elevated, palpable lesions
papule < 1 cm
plaque (flat topped) >1 cm
nodule (dome shaped) >1 cm
Wheal < 2 cm
2 types of fluid filled lesions
vesicle <0.5 cm
bullous > 0.5 cm
2 types of pus filled lesions
pustule < 0.5 cm
abscess > 1 cm
how to test whether a skin lesion is filled with fluid or not
translucent light through it
does epidermal loss of skin scar
no
what layers of the skin doe ulcers contain + what are some causes
epidermis + some dermis
venous, arterial, neuropathic/ vasculitis.
define fissure
linear breakage in the skin
define atrophy + main 2 causes
thinning of the epidermis
sun damage + steroids
define scale
talking of outer layer
define crust
tissue blood/fluid
define exorciations
scratch marks
define lichenification
scratch causing thickening of the skin (eczema)
define telengectasia + name one common type
dilated vessels
network of broken capillaries
spider naveus
define purpura
spots of blood
define petichae
small spots of blood
define ecymossis
large purpura (bruises
define kobner phenomenon
skin lesion along lines of trauma
define annular
ring
define linear
line (Kobner phenomenon most soon type)
define nummular/ discoid
coin
define gyrate
whirl in circle like wood grain
define target
dart board
