function of the skin

Question 1

how many ;ayers does the skin have and why are their names

Answer 1

epidermis
dermis
subcutaneous

Question 2

what type of cells is the epidermis made from

Answer 2

stratified squamous

Question 3

what 4 cells make up 80% of the epidermis

Answer 3

kertinocytes, merkel, langerhans, melanoytes.

Question 4

5 layers of the epidermis

Answer 4

Stratum basale- new cells are made here
Stratum spinosum.- prickle cell
Stratum granulosum.
Stratum lucidum-lose nuclei
Stratum corneum- lose nuclei

Question 5

what structure holds kertiocytes together

Answer 5

desmosomes

Question 6

2 layers of the dermis

Answer 6

superficial- papillary

deep- reticular.

Question 7

what does the papillary layer contain

Answer 7

vessels to supply the dermis and nerve endings

Question 8

what does the reticular layer contain

Answer 8

skin appendages
fibrogen
produces collagen/elastin
mast cells

Question 9

3 types of skin appendages

Answer 9

sweat gland
hair follicle
sebaceous gland

Question 10

define epidermolysis bullosa

Answer 10

loss of proteins which hold the skin together

Question 11

symptoms of pidermolysis bullosa

Answer 11

electrolyte imbalance
infections
temperature control
dry
vitamin D deficient- skin absorbs this.

Question 12

4 main functions of the skin

Answer 12

sensation
thermoregulation
protection
metabolic

Question 13

2 types of flat non palpable lesions

Answer 13

macule <1 cm

patch >1 cm

Question 14

4 types of elevated, palpable lesions

Answer 14

papule < 1 cm
plaque (flat topped) >1 cm
nodule (dome shaped) >1 cm
Wheal < 2 cm

Question 15

2 types of fluid filled lesions

Answer 15

vesicle <0.5 cm

bullous > 0.5 cm

Question 16

2 types of pus filled lesions

Answer 16

pustule < 0.5 cm

abscess > 1 cm

Question 17

how to test whether a skin lesion is filled with fluid or not

Answer 17

translucent light through it

Question 18

does epidermal loss of skin scar

Answer 18

no

Question 19

what layers of the skin doe ulcers contain + what are some causes

Answer 19

epidermis + some dermis

venous, arterial, neuropathic/ vasculitis.

Question 20

define fissure

Answer 20

linear breakage in the skin

Question 21

define atrophy + main 2 causes

Answer 21

thinning of the epidermis

sun damage + steroids

Question 22

define scale

Answer 22

talking of outer layer

Question 23

define crust

Answer 23

tissue blood/fluid

Question 24

define exorciations

Answer 24

scratch marks

Question 25

define lichenification

Answer 25

scratch causing thickening of the skin (eczema)

Question 26

define telengectasia + name one common type

Answer 26

dilated vessels
network of broken capillaries
spider naveus

Question 27

define purpura

Answer 27

spots of blood

Question 28

define petichae

Answer 28

small spots of blood

Question 29

define ecymossis

Answer 29

large purpura (bruises

Question 30

define kobner phenomenon

Answer 30

skin lesion along lines of trauma

Question 31

define annular

Answer 31

ring

Question 32

define linear

Answer 32

line (Kobner phenomenon most soon type)

Question 33

define nummular/ discoid

Answer 33

coin

Question 34

define gyrate

Answer 34

whirl in circle like wood grain

Question 35

define target

Answer 35

dart board