FUN5/Membranes Flashcards
know this diagram
the plasma membrane is sensitive to ___ changes and ______
pH, something attaching to its receptors
label diagram
the lipid bilayer is a ________ model
fluid mosaic
the types of hydrocarbon tails in the phospholipids affect the _____ of the membrane
fluidity
if the phosphate group on a phospholipid is linked/esterified to a serine, it is called a _________
phosphatidylserine
if the phosphate group on a phospholipid is linked/esterified to a ethanolamine, it is called a _________
phosphatidylethanolamine
if the phosphate group on a phospholipid is linked/esterified to a Choline, it is called a _________
phosphatidylcholine/lecithin
if the phosphate group on a phospholipid is linked/esterified to a Inositol, it is called a _________
phosphatidylinositol
cell membrane also contains ______lipid _______myelin
sphingo, sphingo
what are the functions of membrane proteins? (7)
anchoring, recognition proteins, enzymes, receptors, carrier proteins, leak channels, gated channels
what is anchoring?
attach cell membranes to each other or to internal/external structures
how are membrane proteins act as recognition proteins/identifiers?
they identify a good cell and prevent attack by the immune system
how are membrane proteins act as enzymes?
they catalyse intra/extracellular reactions
how are membrane proteins act as receptors
how are membrane proteins act as carrier proteins?
the move solutes across membrane, may require ATP
how are membrane proteins act as leak channels?
permits continuous movement of water and ions
how are membrane proteins act as gated channels?
they open or close to regulate ion movement
for integral proteins, either terminus may be ____ or _____ of the cell
inside, outside
3 types of integral proteins
single alpha helix, multiple alpha helices, rolled up beta sheet
peripheral membrane proteins attach to _____ membrane proteins
integral
what are these attachments?
solutes move ____ their concentration gradient
passive diffusion is _______ driven
entropically driven
in passive diffusion, entropy is at a maximum at ___________
equilibrium
does facilitated diffusion use energy?
no
active transport is when you move something ________ its conc. grad.
against
3 types of active transport
primary active, secondary active, group translocation
______ transport is used for the sodium potassium pump
secondary active transport is when a carrier protein moves a specific substance ________ its conc. grad.
against
in secondary active transport, the conc. grad. for one substance provides the _____ for the carrier protein
driving force
in secondary active transport, the second substance gets a ______
free ride
when sodium is exported out of the cell, it creates a low conc. of Na+ inside of the cell. As sodium diffuses back into the cell in an _________, it drives glucose into the cell.
adjacent cotransporter
group translocation is when a solute ______ during transport
changes
what is an example of group translocation and please explain it.
the phosphotransferase system (PTS). it is the phosphorylation of the sugar as it crosses the membrane.
