Fun Facts Flashcards
Avg length at birth
20 inch
Avg weight at birth
7.5 lbs
Avg head at birth
13.5 inch
Infant weight doubled by…
4 to 5 months
Infant weight tripled by…
12 months
In 12 months infant length will be…
1.5x
In 12 months infant head will be…
10cm bigger
Weight of infant brain at 6 months
Half of adult brain
Weight of infant brain at 12 months
2.5x of weight at birth
Transformation of reflexes
Primitive to protective
Protective reflexes include…
Neck tightening to keep head upright
Parachute = arm extension to protect in case of fall
Size of heart at 12 months
Doubled
How long does it take for baby to produce sufficient digestive enzymes?
5 months
Trypsin: what is it for? Does a newborn have enough?
Breakdown protein
Sufficient amount at birth
Amylase: what is it for? Does a newborn have enough?
Breakdown carbs
Insufficient at birth
Lipase: what is it for? Does a newborn have enough?
Breakdown fat
Insufficient at birth
When do babies get teeth?
6-8 months
How many teeth at 1 yo?
4 to 8
Iron stores in baby
Sufficient at birth
Depleted at 6 to 9 months
First stage in Piaget’s cognitive development and its 4 sub stages
Sensorimotor, sub stages:
Reflexes
Primary circular reactions
Secondary circular reactions
Coordination of secondary schemes
Baby smiles at…
2 months
Baby plays social games at…
6 to 8 months
Stranger anxiety at…
8 months
Progression of baby motor skills
Head
Roll
Sit
Crawl
Stand
Walk
This sensory tool is well developed at birth
Hearing
Colic will go away in…
3 months
Important neuro changes in toddlers
Refinement of motor skills
Cognitive growth
Develops appropriate language skills
Myelination of brain and spine complete at…
24 months
Toddler myelination results in…
Improve coordination and balance
Sphincter control
Use of protective reflexes
Increase in language skills
When do bladder and kidneys function at adult level?
16 to 24 months
Normal toddler UOP
1 mL/kg/hr
What is telegraphic speech?
Short simple sentences.
Hours of sleep for 3 yo
12
Hours of sleep for 2 yo
13
Hours of sleep for 18 months
13.5
Dental caries in primary teeth leads to…
Improper formation of permanent teeth
Improper width of dental arch
Hours of sleep for preschooler
10-13
When is the immune system as mature as an adult’s?
10 years old
Size of bladder (rule of thumb)
Age + 2 oz
Amblyopia
“Lazy eye”
Hours of sleep for 10-12 yo
9-10
Hours of sleep for 8-10 yo
10-12
Hours of sleep for 6-8 yo
12
Malocclusion
Crooked teeth
2nd most rapid period of growth
Adolescence
Avg age of menarche
12.8 (9-15 yo)
How old is infant?
Birth to 12 months
How old is a toddler?
1 to 3 years old
How old is a preschooler?
3 to 6 years old
How old is a school aged kid?
6 to 12 years old
How old is an adolescent?
11 to 20 years old
How old is an early adolescent?
10 to 13 years old
How old is a middle adolescent?
14 to 16 years old
How old is a late adolescent?
17 to 20 years old
Principles of atraumatic care
Minimize physical stress
Minimize separation from parent
Family centered
Promote a sense of control
Characteristics of a medical home
Continuous care
All insurances welcome
Family centered
What is a selective screening?
Done when a risk assessment indicates RFs of a disorder
Risk factors for vulnerable child syndrome
Preterm
Congenital anomaly
Newborn jaundice
Handicapping condition
Accident or illness
Crying or feeding problems
Long term risks for premature infant
Cognitive delays
Visual impairment
Chronic lung disease
Cerebral palsy
ADHD
Learning disabilities
Difficulties socializing
Vulnerable child syndrome
Alterations in muscle tone
GI differences in youngsters that affects drug absorption
Higher ph
Larger small intestine
Decreased enzymes
Slower gastric emptying
Increased intestinal motility
IM absorption in youngsters
Decreased due to smaller muscles
Factors affecting distribution of meds in children
Higher percentage water in body
Lower body fat
Faster intracellular fluid exchange
Immature liver
Less plasma proteins for drug binding
Immature blood brain barrier
At risk for sepsis
Immunocompromised
Urinary tract abnormalities
Less than 1 month old
Chronic health problems
