Assessments Flashcards
RR at 12 months
20-30 rpm
Pulse of 1 yo
100 bpm
Anterior fontanelle should close by…
12 to 18 months
Warning signs of neuro development in infant
No smile at 3 months
Refuses cuddles
Doesn’t enjoy people
No peek a boo at 8 months
Warning signs of motor development in infant
Stiff or floppy
Can’t support head
Only 1 hand reach
Can’t sit
Can’t crawl
Can’t stand
Warning signs sensory development in infant
No response to loud
No focus on near objects
No babble at 4 months
No turn to ID sound at 4 months
Crosses eyes at 6 months
Warning signs of language development in infant
No making sounds at 4 months
No laugh or squeal at 6 months
No babble at 8 months
No single words by 12 months
Signs toddler is ready for potty training
Regular BMs
Expresses need to go
Diaper not always wet
Willing to follow instructions
Walks well alone
Can pull pants down
Follows caregiver to bathroom
Climbs into potty chair or toilet
Signs toddler needs to potty
Looks into or grabs diaper
Squats
Crossed legs
Grimaces or grunts
Hides behind something
Normal things for toddlers (that might seem weird or bad)
Temper tantrums
Saying “no”
Labile moods
Security item
Impulsive
When do they walk independently?
12 to 15 months
(Gross motor)
At 18 months kids can…
Climb stairs with assistance
Pull toys while walking
(Gross motor)
At 24 months kids can…
Run
Kick
Tiptoe
Carry lots of toys
Climb on and off furniture
(Gross motor)
At 36 months kids can…
Climb
Tricycle
Run easily
Walk up and down stairs
Bend over
(Fine motor)
At 12-15 months they can…
Feed self finger foods
Point with index finger
(Fine motor)
At 18 months they can…
Reach
Grasp
Release
Stack blocks
Turn pages
Remove shoes and socks
(Fine motor)
At 24 months they can…
Scribbles and paints
Turn knobs
Puts pegs into holes
(Fine motor)
At 36 months they can…
Undress
Hold pencil
Unscrew lids
Signs of delay in 18 month old
No walk
No speak 15 words
No understand function of household items
Signs of delay in 2 year old
No 2 word sentences
Doesn’t imitate
Doesn’t follow basic instructions
Can’t push toy with wheels
Signs of delay in 3 year old
Can’t do stairs
Falls
Can’t build tower
Extreme separation anxiety
Doesn’t pretend play
Little interest in other kids
Drooling
Unclear speech
Toddler playing habits
No share
Parallel play
Changes toys frequently
General changes for preschooler
Loses fat
Gains muscle
20 teeth
Longer attention span
Can tolerate separation
Bladder control
More voluntary control of motor
Refinement of motor
Longer bones
(Gross motor)
At 4 yo they can…
Throw ball
Kick ball
Hop on 1 foot
Stand on 1 foot
(Gross motor)
At 5 yo they can…
Skip
Somersault
Skate and swim
(Fine motor)
At 4 yo they can
Scissors
Copy capital letters
Draw circles and squares
Draw person
Lace shoes
(Fine motor)
At 5 yo they can…
Print some letters
Tie shoes
Fork, spoon, knife
Copies shapes
Communication ability of 4 yo
Adult like grammar
Follow 3 part command
Names common objects
1500 words
Communication ability of 5 yo
Can explain how to use something
Talks about events
Answers why and when questions
2100 words
Signs of delay in 4 yo
Can’t jump
Can’t ride tricycle
Can’t hold crayon
Doesn’t use “me” or “you” appropriately
No fantasy play
Signs of delay in 5 yo
Little interest in playing with kids
Can’t build tower
Can’t use plurals or past tense
Easily distracted
Gross motor in school aged
Improved coordination, balance, rhythm
Can be awkward with growth
Fine motor of school aged
Improved hand usage
Hand eye coordination improved
Pride in dexterity (music)
Peak height velocity for adolescent female
Before menarche
Peak height velocity for adolescent male
Spurt between 10.5 to 16 yo
General growth and development of adolescents
Deep voice
Long limbs
Growth plates close
Sweat glands at pits and privates
Acne
Increased body hair
Hips widen in gals
Shoulders widen in guys
Gross motor in adolescence
Endurance
Concentration
Coordination adjustment during spurts
Speed and accuracy
Competitive
Narrowed interests in late adolescence
Fine motor in adolescence
Finger dexterity
Precise hand eye coordination
Mimic caregiver by…
3 to 4 months
Socially interactive games at…
6 to 8 months
Cognitive milestones for preschool
Count to 10
Name colors
Concept of time
Knowing everyday objects
Screenings for internationally adopted youngsters
Infectious disease
Disorders of growth and development
Vision and hearing
Intestinal parasites
Hep, varicella, HIV, syphilis, TB
Issues covered in psychosocial assessment
Health insurance
Transportation
Financial stressors
Family coping
School’s response
Elements of a health supervision visit
H and p
Developmental/behavioral assessment
Sensory screening
At risk screening
Immunizations
Health promotion/anticipatory guidance
Components of health history
Demographics
Chief complaint
Past hx
Review of symptoms
Family hx
Motor milestones
School performance
Daily routine (“functional hx”)
Family environment
Components of chief complaint assessment
Onset, duration, characteristics
Previous episodes
Changes in environment/routine
Previous testing and therapies
What makes better or worse?
What this means to child and family
Exposure to infectious or toxic agents?
Aspects of past health history
Prenatal/perinatal hx
Past illnesses
Developmental concerns
Prior hx of illness or injury
Hospitalizations or surgeries
Diet
Allergies
Immunizations
Meds
Supplements
Menstrual hx
Elements of physical examination
Measure: height, weight, head circumference, VS
Determine: BMI, appearance, activity, orientation, mood
Examine via head to toe
Normal RR/HR Infant
25-55 RR
80-150 HR
Normal RR/HR toddler
20-30 RR
70-120 HR
Normal RR/HR preschooler
20-25 RR
65-110 HR
Normal RR/HR school age
14-26 RR
60-100 HR
Normal RR/HR adolescent
12-20 RR
55-95 HR
Age for tympanic temp
3 month or older
Age for temporal temp
Any age except younger than 90 days if ill or have fever (do rectal)
Age for oral temp
5 yo
Age for axillary
Newborns and uncooperative kids
Can cause failure to thrive
Cardiac disease
Metabolic disease
Cleft palate
GERD
Feeding disorders
SDOH
Neglect and abuse
Mental illness
Behavioral problems
Lack of knowledge
QUESTT (pain assessment)
Question child
Use pain scale
Evaluate
Secure parent involvement
Take the cause into account
Take action
FLACC parameters
Facial
Legs
Activity
Cry
Consolability
Ss of Reye syndrome
Vom
LOC
Lethargy
Irritable
Hyper reflex
(Due to brain swelling and liver failure)
