Fuels

Question 1

How is crude oil separated into separate liquids

Answer 1

Oil Heated in a fractional distillation tower. Different fractions from the oils mixture condense at different temperature. Ones with lower boiling point condense higher up.

Question 2

What fractions are in crude oil and uses

Answer 2

gases, camping, heating, cooking
Petrol, cars
Kerosene, aircraft fuel
Diesel, cars, generators
Fuel oil, ships, lubrication, power stations
Bitumen, waterproofing and roads

Question 3

Fractions

Answer 3

Gas
Petrol
Kerosene
Diesel
Fuel oils
Bitumen.
More viscous at top, less viscous at bottom
Lower boiling point at top
Easier to ignite at top
Less carbon atoms in chain at top. 5-7, up to 40 at bottom

Question 4

What are hydro carbons

Answer 4

A compound that contains only hydrogen and carbon.

Question 5

What is formed in combustion

Answer 5

Carbon dioxide and water.

Question 6

What is complete and incomplete combustion

Answer 6

In complete combustion, the only products are water and carbon dioxide
In incomplete combustion, there isn’t enough oxygen so carbon (soot) and carbon monoxide can also be produced

Question 7

Why is incomplete combustion yellow

Answer 7

Carbon particles at heated in the fire and glow yellow as they’re so hot

Question 8

Dangers of acid rain

Answer 8

Making rivers and ponds acidic which kills the organisms in it
Damaging trees
Speeding up and eroding buildings e.g. Those made of limestone

Question 9

What does carbon neutral mean

Answer 9

Doesn’t add any extra carbon dioxide to the air

Question 10

How are bio fuels carbon neutral

Answer 10

They are made of plants that take in carbon dioxide so when they burn, the carbon dioxide they took in is released so they didn’t actually add to the amount of carbon dioxide in the air

Question 11

Why are fuel cells clean fuel

Answer 11

They make electricity to turn a motor and the only product is water