Chemistry In Our World Flashcards
What gases are released from volcanoes
Carbon dioxide, nitrogen, methane, ammonia, water vapour
How did volcanoes lead to water
When they erupt water vapour is released and as the earth cooled the water vapour condensed and gradually formed oceans
Why hasn’t Mars or venues atmosphere changed like ours
Life on Earth meant different gases were taken in and released, changing the atmosphere
Why do scientists think there was almost no oxygen on earth billions of years ago
Some of the oldest iron compounds on earth can only form where there isn’t oxygen
Where did most of the carbon dioxide in the early atmosphere gone after oceans formed
It was absorbed into the oceans. About half of it
How is limestone formed
Sea creatures used the co2 in the water to make their shells out of calcium carbonate. When they died their shells sunk and formed layers, over time the heat and pressure turned the shells into limestone
How was carbon dioxide removed using plants
Plants photosynthesis which removes the co2 and releases oxygen
Gas percentages in the atmosphere
N 78.00 O 21.00 Argon 0.90 CO2 0.04 Other traces
What are igneous rocks
Rocks from the cooling of lava
What is molten rock called
Magma
What is surface Magma called
Lava
What determines the size of crystals in igneous rocks
Cools fast, smaller crystals
Cools slowly, larger crystals
Example of an igneous rock
Granite
What are sedimentary rocks made of
Sediment from other rocks caused by erosion or remains of organisms. Over millions of years, layers build up and pressure and heat forms the rock
How are igneous rocks made
Through the cooling of magma/lava
