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4. Systems > Fuel System > Flashcards

Fuel System Flashcards

1
Q

What is the total fuel capacity?

A

41,285lbs

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2
Q

Center tank capacity?

A

14,281lbs

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3
Q

Each inner tank?

A

11,982lbs

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4
Q

Each outer tank?

A

1,520lbs

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5
Q

When does fuel transfer from the outer to inner tanks?

A

when inner tank level is at 1650 lbs OR when outer tank is overfilled

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6
Q

What is significant about the outer tanks?

A

They can not directly supply fuel to the engine

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7
Q

What happens when the inner fuel tank pumps fail?

A

Suction valves in the inner tanks allow gravity fuel feeding to the engine

Note: Gravity feeding is not available from the center tank.

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8
Q

When fuel is used to cool the IDGs, where is the heated fuel deposited?

A

Outer wing tanks, when full return spill valve returns fuel to the inner tanks

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9
Q

What does it mean if the fuel quantity is boxed in amber?

A

The fuel is unusable

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10
Q

When will the fuel quantity pulse?

A

The difference between fuel quantities in the fuel tanks is greater than 3300lbs, the higher value pulses.

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11
Q

What does it mean when FOB has a half amber box around it?

A

Some fuel is trapped

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12
Q

What does the REFUELG memo mean?

A

The refueling panel door is open, not necessarily that you are currently refueling.

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13
Q

What does the FAULT light on the CTR TK MIDE SEL pb mean?

A

Center tank > 550lbs and either wing <11000lbs

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14
Q

What do the FAULT lights on the pump pb mean?

A

Low Fuel Pressure

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15
Q

How long does it take to refuel?

A

17 to fill wings, 20 to fill all tanks

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16
Q

When fueling what tanks fill first and why?

A

Outer tanks fill then spill inboard to maintain balance.

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17
Q

When does the center tank fill?

A

When fuel load is > 27,004lbs

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18
Q

What is significant with the center tank pumps?

A

Although all pumps are on, the center pumps run at a higher pressure to utilize center tank fuel FIRST

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19
Q

Since the Center tank is used first but IDG cooler returns fuel to the wind, what will the system do if the inner tank reaches an overfill level?

A

The pump for the corresponding side on the center tank will shut off and fuel will be drawn from the inner wing.

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20
Q

What will happen when slats are selected or if center tank is low for 5 minutes?

A

Center tank pumps deactivate with slats, thus you will only run off the wings during TO and landing.

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21
Q

The center tank always depletes first, when are the center tank pumps deactivated?

A

5 minutes after center tank low level

Slats are extended

Overfill of the inner wing tank

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22
Q

When the outer fuel tanks transfer to the inner, ~ how much flight time is remaining?

A

1 hour

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23
Q

In the A321, where is fuel always pulled from?

A

Respective wing tanks only, motive flow pulls fuel out of the center tank.

Note: there is only one wing tank per side on the A321

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24
Q

(A321) The wing tank is full, when will the transfer valves allow fuel from the center tank to refill the wing tank?

A

When the wing tank is reduced by 550 lbs

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25
Q

(A321) If ACTs are installed in what order are they depleted?

A

ACT1 to center
ACT2 to center
Center to Wing

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26
Q

(A321) How is fuel transferred from the ACT to the center tank?

A

Positive Cabin Air Press

It will transfer to center tank when center tank high level is not sensed for 10 minutes

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27
Q

(A321) What is the warning when manually selecting the CTR TK MODE SEL pb?

A

You are responsible for monitoring the center and wing tank fuel levels

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28
Q

(A321) Only when would you get a FAULT on the CTR TK XFR pb?

A

Only when the center tank overflows, NOT when you have a transfer failure.

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29
Q

(A321) Fuel is transferred from the ACTs automatically when:

A

Aircraft is in flight

Slats retracted

ACT contains fuel

Center tank high level not activated for 10 minutes

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30
Q

What is the total capacity of the fuel tanks?

A

18728 KG

Aircraft technical Dec 12

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31
Q

What is the capacity of the center fuel tank?

A

6476 kg

Aircraft technical Dec 12

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32
Q

What is the capacity of each inner wing tank?

A

5435KG

Aircraft technical Dec 12

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33
Q

What is the capacity of each outer wing tank?

A

691kg

Aircraft technical Dec 12

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34
Q

In which order do the tanks feed the fuel system?

A
  1. Inner tanks until 500kg used in each
  2. Center tank until empty
  3. Inner tanks until 750kg remaining in each
  4. Outer tanks by transferring to inner tanks

Aircraft technical Dec 12

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35
Q

What are the functions of the fuel system?

A
  • store fuel in the tanks
  • allocate correct quantities to tanks during refueling
  • supply fuel to the engines and the APU
  • circulate fuel to cool the IDG
  • keep fuel in outer wing for wing bending and flutter relief.

Aircraft technical Dec 12

36
Q

How many main fuel pumps have newer MSN aircraft?

A

Four main fuel pumps

37
Q

How many main fuel pumps have the older MSN aircraft?

A

Six

38
Q

From which tank do newer MSN aircraft supply fuel from?

A

The inner tanks

39
Q

From which tank do older MAN aircraft supply the fuel from?

A

The center of inner tanks

40
Q

How can the low pressure fuel valves be closed?

A
  • the engine master switch
  • the engine fire push button
41
Q

How do older msn aircraft ensure correct sequence of fuel delivery?

A

Via pressure relief valves.

42
Q

What is the function of the fuel intertank transfer valves?

A

Fuel transfer from outer to inner tank.

43
Q

What is the function of the fuel crossfeed valve?

A

Allows fuel to feed both engines from one side or one engine from both sides.

44
Q

What is the function of the fuel suction valves?

A

Allows engines to be fed by gravity if inner tank pumps fail.

45
Q

How are the fuel suction valves closed in normal operation?

A

By pumps pressure.

46
Q

What is the fuel feed sequence on older msn aircraft?

A
  • center tank
  • inner tank (to 750kg)
  • outer tanks (fuel transfers to inner tanks)
47
Q

What is the fuel feed sequence on newer MSN aircraft?

A
  • center tank (fuel transfers to inner)
  • inner tanks (to 750kg)
  • outer tanks (fuel transfers to inner tank)
48
Q

How does fuel flow from the center tank to the inner tanks on newer MSN aircraft?

A

The transfer valve is open, fuel from inner tank flows through jet pump and creates suction. The suction moves fuel from the center tank to the inner tank.

49
Q

What is used to cool the IDG?

A

Fuel

50
Q

Where does the fuel which is used to cool the IDG go?

A

Returns in the outer tank.

51
Q

What is the function of the fuel tank inerting system?

A

Reduce flammability

52
Q

What system reduces the flammability of the fuel tank?

A

Fuel inerting system.

53
Q

Where is the fuel inerting system installed?

A

Center tank only.

54
Q

How does the fuel inerting system reduce flammability?

A

It produces oxygen depleted air to replace ambient air in the center tank.

55
Q

What is the oxygen percentage of the oxygen depleted air produced by the fuel inerting system?

A

Less than 12%

56
Q

When do the center tank pumps run?

A
  • at engine start for 2 minutes
  • if slats are retracted
  • stops 5 minutes after center tank low level
57
Q

What does it mean if the last two digits of the fuel indication have an amber line across?

A

FQI inaccurate

58
Q

Taxi fuel

A

10kg/min
7kg/min one engine

59
Q

Holding fuel (1500ft)

A

40kg/min

60
Q

Approach fuel

A

17kg/min

61
Q

With engine anti ice

A

+1kg/min cruise (1.1 climb)
+2kg/min hold

62
Q

With wing and engine anti ice

A

+2kg/min cruise/climb
+3kg/min holding

63
Q

Final reserve fuel

A

Fuel to fly for 30 mins at holding speed 1500ft above alternate aerodrome in standard conditions at estimated weight.

FMGC plans Conf 1

64
Q

APU burn

A

2kg/min

65
Q

When is landing assured?

A

Landing can be completed in the event of any forecast deterioration of the weather and plausible single failure of ground or airborne facilities.

66
Q

Minimum fuel required

A

Taxi
Trip
Contingency
Alternate fuel (if req)
Additional fuel (if req)
Final reserve
Extra fuel (if req)

67
Q

Contingency fuel is:

A

Higher of:
5% of planned (or remaining) trip fuel
or
Fuel to fly for 5 mins at 1500ft above destination

68
Q

Extra fuel penalty

A

3% per hour of extra fuel carried.

69
Q

CNR (company normal reserves) =

A

Alternate + final reserve

70
Q

Alternate flight planning procedure

A

In case of load or performance restrictions.
Reduce taxi fuel or trip fuel if shorter route expected (add 5kg/nm or reduce 4kg/nm).
Use enroute alternate - reduce contingency to 3% or 5mins above destination.

71
Q

Requirement for flight with no alternate

A

Flight time

72
Q

Fuel saving

A

Delay APU start
Delay engine start
OETD/OETA
Lowest flap setting departure
Landing lights retract green dot/extend on final
Fly at or above optimum
Update winds
Fly cost index and managed speeds
Flap 3 landings
Idle reverse
Use of ground power

73
Q

Centre tank pumps are inhibited when

A

Slats extended
On ground after first 2 mins
When associated wing tank is full (until 500 kg burnt)
5 mins after centre tank empty

74
Q

What is the commander’s responsibility with respect to fuel?

A

The commander shall not commence a flight unless they are satisfied that the aircraft carries at least the planned amount of fuel and oil to complete the flight safely taking into account the expected operating conditions.

75
Q

How does gravity feeding work?

A

Engines fed by gravity from inner tank suction valves (usually closed from pump pressure in normal operation)

76
Q

Fuel feed sequence

A 
Centre tank \* unless inhibited (certain models fuel transfers to inner) 
Inner tanks (down to 750kg)
Outer tanks (transfer to inner)
77
Q

Fuel mode selector in manual does what?

A

Runs the centre tank pumps

(Or in new 320’s it will open the centre tank transfer valves, must select CTR TK XFR to off when inner tanks full or centre tank empty)

78
Q

Describe the IDG cooling system

A

Some of the fuel supplied to each engine goes from the high pressure fuel line through the IDG heat exchanger to the fuel return valve and into the outer tank, if full it can overflow to inner tank.

79
Q

When do we not need a destination alternate?

A

Flight time less than 6 hours.
Two separate runways available and usable.
Weather forecasts indicate +/-1 hr ETA ceiling 2000ft or circling +500ft and 5000m visibility.

80
Q

When do we need 2 destination alternates?

A

Forecasts indicate the +/- 1hr ETA the weather conditions will be below planning minima

Or

No meteorological info for destination available.

81
Q

When is a take off alternate required and what is the planning minima for a take off alternate?

A

Required when performance or met conditions preclude a return to departure airfield.

Forecasts must be above the applicable minima for expected instrument approach in use.

82
Q

When can you not tanker fuel?

A

When landing expected on contaminated or icy runway.

83
Q

Commercial alternate/fuel alternate. Whats the difference?

A

Fuel alternates should only be selected when the weather and operational conditions at destination make a diversion unlikely.

OMB

84
Q

How many consecutive approaches (after a go around) are allowed according to easyJets policy?

A

Maximum Number of Attempted Approaches
No more than two successive approaches may be flown when there has been a go-around due to weather conditions unless there has been a significant improvement to the weather, or a state of emergency exists.

In exceptional circumstances, a third approach may be flown when a go-around has been carried out for non-weather related reasons providing the Commander is satisfied that landing is assured.

OM A 8.4.2

85
Q

If your fuel quantity indicators are failed or performance degraded how can you get a more accurate FOB figure?

A

Update FOB figure on the FUEL page to FF only.

FCOM FMS2

4. Systems (19 decks)

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