Frontotemporal dementia Flashcards
What is frontotemporal dementia?
A rare type of dementia
Notably affects people at a younger age (40-60yrs)
Mainly causes atrophy of the frontal and temporal lobes
Initially present with abnormal behaviour, speech and language
Can be familial
What are some common signs of fronto-temporal dementia?
Oral fixation - inc eating and weight gain
Frontal lobe - dec speech, loss of awareness of personal appearance and hygiene, bizarre uninhibited socially inappropriate behaviour, dec empathy/concerns for others
Temporal lobe - naming and word comprehension deficit.
Primary progressive aphasia - poor grammatical and phonological speech, deficits in reading and writing
Corticobasal degeneration - stiff jerky limbs, apraxia, alien limb phenomenon
What is nfvPPA in frontotemporal dementia?
Syndrome of FT dementia
Non fluent/agrammatical variant primary progressive aphasia
Abnormalities in Brocas area in the left hemisphere, premotor cortex and homologous region in right hemi may also be involved.
What is svPPA in frontotemporal dementia?
Syndrome of FT dementia
Semantic variant PPA - abnormalities in left anteriomedial temporal lobe
Spread to right anteromedial temporal lobe and left orbitofrontal cortex.
Difficulty to understand, find meaning, find words and name objects
What is bvFTD in frontotemporal dementia?
Behavioural variant syndrome of frontal temporal demetnia
Bilateral abnormalities in prefrontal cortex, insula and anterior temporal lobes.
What is FTD-ALS in frontotemporal dementia?
FTD - amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
Mild abnormalities in the frontal lobe
Can present with motor, psychiatric, behavioural and cognitive symptoms.
What region of the brain is affected in corticobasal syndrome?
Asymmetric abnormalites in frontoparietal lobes
Causes problems in movement (slow, stiff, jerky, unbalanced) and cognition (personality changes, compulsive or obsessive)
