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HAA > Frontal Systems > Flashcards

Frontal Systems Flashcards

1
Q

An air mass is a large body of air

a) that has similar cloud formations associated with it.

b) which creates a wind shift as it moves across the Earth’s surface.

c) with generally uniform temperature and humidity.

A

C) with generally uniform temperature and humidity.

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2
Q

The longer an air mass stays over its source region, the more likely it will

a) increase in temperature and become unstable.

b) acquire the properties of the surface below.

c) decrease in temperature and become stable.

A

B) acquire the properties of the surface below.

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3
Q

Air masses are classified according to

a) the temperature and moisture properties of their source regions.

b) the temperature of the underlying surface.

c) the stability of the air within the air mass.

A

A) the temperature and moisture properties of their source regions.

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4
Q

What are the three temperature properties used for air mass temperature classification?

a) Hot, cold, and mild.

b) Cold, hot, and neutral.

c) Arctic, Polar, and Tropical.

A

C) Arctic, Polar, and Tropical.

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5
Q

What are the two moisture properties used for air mass classification?

a) Continental and non-continental.

b) Continental and maritime.

c) Maritime and non-maritime.

A

B) Continental and maritime.

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6
Q

What are the characteristics of a Continental Tropical (cT) air mass?

a) Cold and dry.

b) Hot and dry.

c) Cool and moist.

A

B) Hot and dry.

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7
Q

What are the characteristics of a Maritime Polar (mP) air mass?

a) Cold and dry.

b) Hot and dry.

c) Cool and moist.

A

C) Cool and moist.

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8
Q

What are the characteristics of a Maritime Tropical (mT) air mass?

a) Warm and moist.

b) Hot and dry.

c) Cool and moist.

A

A) Warm and moist.

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9
Q

The Gulf Coast states and eastern third of the country commonly experience what type of air mass in the summer?

a) Polar.

b) Tropical.

c) Arctic.

A

B) Tropical

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10
Q

A warm, moist air mass moving over a cold surface produces

a) Stable air associated with stratiform clouds, fog, and drizzle.

b) Unstable air associated with stratiform clouds, fog, and drizzle.

c) Stable air associated with towering cumulous clouds and thunderstorms.

A

A) Stable air associated with stratiform clouds, fog, and drizzle

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11
Q

In fall and winter, cumuliform clouds and showers often develop in bands over, and to the lee of

a) Large urban areas; the effect is known as “island cooling.”

b) Large, snow-covered bodies of land.

c) Large, ice-free lakes.

A

C) Large, ice-free lakes.

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12
Q

As initially cold, dry, stable polar air over land flows over relatively warm water, the air is

A) Heated and dried, and stability decreases.

B) Heated and moistened, and stability decreases.

C) Heated and moistened, and stability increases.

A

B) Heated and moistened, and stability decreases.

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13
Q

Most weather occurs along the periphery of air masses at boundaries called

a) Fronts.

b) Transition zones.

c) Drylines.

A

A) Fronts

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14
Q

Types of fronts include

a) Warm, cold.

b) Stationary, occluded.

c) All are correct.

A

C) All are correct.

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15
Q

Types of fronts include

a) Tropical.

b) Arctic, polar.

c) None are correct.

A

C) None are correct.

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16
Q

Types of fronts include

a) Tropical, polar.

b) Stationary, occluded.

c) None are correct.

A

B) Stationary, occluded.

17
Q

A cold front is defined as

a) A front that moves in such a way that colder air replaces warmer air.

b) A front that moves in such a way that warmer air replaces colder air.

c) A composite of two fronts as a cold front overtakes a warm front or stationary front.

A

A) A front that moves in such a way that colder air replaces warmer air.

18
Q

A warm front is defined as

a) A front that moves in such a way that colder air replaces warmer air.

b) A front that moves in such a way that warmer air replaces colder air.

c) A composite of two fronts as a cold front overtakes a warm front or stationary front.

A

B) A front that moves in such a way that warmer air replaces colder air.

19
Q

An occluded front is defined as

a) A front that moves in such a way that colder air replaces warmer air.

b) A front that moves in such a way that warmer air replaces colder air.

c) A composite of two fronts as a cold front overtakes a warm front or stationary front.

A

C) A composite of two fronts as a cold front overtakes a warm front or stationary front.

20
Q

A stationary front is defined as

a) A front that moves in such a way that colder air replaces warmer air.

b) A front which is stationary or nearly so.

c) A composite of two fronts as a cold front overtakes

A

B) A front which is stationary or nearly so.

21
Q

Fronts only exist at the surface of the Earth, they have no vertical structure.

a) True.

b) False

A

B) False

22
Q

Fronts do not only exist at the surface of the Earth; they have a vertical structure in which the front slopes over the colder (denser) air mass.

a) True.

b) False

A

A) True.

23
Q

Cold fronts have a steep slope, and the warm air is forced upward abruptly; this often leads to

a) A narrow band of showers and thunderstorms along, or just ahead of, the front if the warm rising air is unstable.

b) A wide band of clear air with no significant weather.

c) Widespread layered or stratiform cloudiness and precipitation along, and ahead of, the front if the warm air rising is stable.

A

A) A narrow band of showers and thunderstorms along, or just ahead of, the front if the warm rising air is unstable.

24
Q

Warm fronts typically have a gentle slope, so the warm air rising along the frontal surface is gradual, this favors the development of

a) A narrow band of showers and thunderstorms along, or just ahead of, the front if the warm rising air is unstable.

b) Widespread layered or stratiform cloudiness and precipitation along, and ahead of, the front if the warm air rising is stable.

c) A wide band of clear air with no significant weather.

A

B) Widespread layered or stratiform cloudiness and precipitation along, and ahead of, the front if the warm air rising is stable.

25
Q

Cold fronts typically move faster than warm fronts, so in time they catch up to warm fronts.

a) True.

b) False.

A

A) True.

26
Q

Warm fronts typically move faster than cold fronts, so in time they catch up to cold fronts.

a) True.

b) False.

A

B) False.

27
Q

An occluded front develops when a cold front merges with a warm front.

a) True.

b) False.

A

A) True.

28
Q

What can occur in the areas of frontal lift, ahead of, and behind the surface position of an occluded front?

a) Clouds and precipitation.

b) Typically no significant weather.

c) Towering stratus clouds with embedded thunderstorms.

A

A) Clouds and precipitation.

29
Q

A __________ is a low pressure circulation that forms and moves along a front.

a) Wave anti-cyclone.

b) Wave cyclone.

c) Cyclonic kink.

A

B) Wave cyclone.

30
Q

Typically, a wave cyclone initially evolves when

a) There is an occluded front separating warm air from cold air.

b) There is a polar maritime air mass moving over a warmer surface.

c) There is a stationary front separating warm air from cold air.

A

C) There is a stationary front separating warm air from cold air.

31
Q

During the early stages of wave cyclone development, what will develop in the zone of lift along the front?

a) Heavy precipitation.

b) Tornadoes.

c) No significant weather during the early stage, heavy precipitation develops at the later stages of development of a wave cyclone.

A

A) Heavy precipitation.

32
Q

What is a dryline?

a) A low-level boundary hundreds of miles long separating moist and dry air masses.

b) A high-level boundary hundreds of miles long separating two dry air masses.

c) A low-level boundary between moist air masses.

A

A) A low-level boundary hundreds of miles long separating moist and dry air masses.

33
Q

typical dryline passage results in

a) A sharp increase in humidity, building cumulonimbus, and a wind shift from east to west.

b) A sharp drop in humidity, cloudy skies, and a wind shift from north or northeasterly to west or northwesterly.

c) A sharp drop in humidity, clearing skies, and a wind shift from south or southeasterly to west or southwesterly.

A

C) A sharp drop in humidity, clearing skies, and a wind shift from south or southeasterly to west or southwesterly.

HAA (15 decks)

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