Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

VMED 163: RUMINANT > From Reading Mats > Flashcards

From Reading Mats Flashcards

1
Q

whole flock/herd is treated based on knowledge of the risk, or parameters that quantify the severity of infection

A

targeted treatments (TT)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

only individual animals within the grazing group
are treated.

A

targeted selective treatments (TST)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

T/F: TST in sheep is easier to measure compared to TT

A

T

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

can be used as an effective indicator for TST

A

weight gain

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

a successful TST indicator in goats

A

Milk production

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

an eye color chart that can indicate anaemia caused by H contortus

A

FAMACHA system

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

caused by a loss of the normal energy homeostatic mechanisms during late pregnancy

A

Ovine pregnancy toxaemia (OPT)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Ovine pregnancy toxaemia (OPT) cases are normally seen in

A

ewes carrying multiple fetuses

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

OPT also known as

A

‘twin lamb disease’

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

a direct consequence of maternal hypoglycaemia

A

Ovine pregnancy toxaemia (OPT)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

most commonly measured ketone

A

β-hydroxybutyrate (BHB)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

BHB levels in animals showing clinical signs of OPT are

A

often above 3 mmol/l

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

OPT subtype: due to a decline in the plane of nutrition during late pregnancy or a temporary period of fasting

A

Primary pregnancy toxaemia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

OPT subtype: seen in underconditioned animals that have undergone a long period of undernutrition

A

Starvation pregnancy toxaemia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

OPT subtype: seen in overconditioned animals (body condition score >3.5, on a 5-point scale). It is thought that excessive intra-abdominal fat limits rumen capacity and thus feed intake

A

Fat-ewe pregnancy toxaemia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

OPT subtype: when OPT develops secondary to concomitant disease in the ewe (eg, dental disease, fasciolosis, chronic wasting diseases)

A

Secondary pregnancy toxaemia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

OPT subtype: the effects of psychological stressors provoke the disease, either through effects on cortisol and insulin (Reid 1960), and/or disruption to feed intake

A

stress-induced pregnancy toxaemia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

CS:
- Hypoaesthetic, hyporesponsive
- Constipation
- Shallow breaths
- Characteristic pose in sternal recumbency with
neck outstretched

A

Hypocalcaemia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Tx for OPT

A

oral administration of glucogenic substances, calcium borogluconate, NSAIDs and high-quality, palatable feeds

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

The best supported method for reducing
plasma BHB levels

A

Oral propylene glycol and glycerol, two to three times a day

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

the most widely used method for diagnosing gastrointestinal nematode (GIN) infection

A

McMaster technique

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Eggs of gastrointestinal nematodes of livestock that are commonly seen in fecal samples (7 answers)

A
  1. Strongyle-type egg
  2. Nematodirus spp. egg
  3. Strongyloides spp. egg
  4. Skrjabinema spp. egg
  5. Trichuris spp egg
  6. Trichuris spp egg
  7. Capillaria spp. egg
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

a sensitive test that allows the quantifcation of 1 EPG of feces;
allows the diagnosis of lungworm larvae (Dictyocaulus
spp.) and trematode eggs (Fasciola hepatica)

A

FLOTAC

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

a modifcation of the McMaster technique and has a minimum detection limit of 30–35 EPG of feces

A

FECPAK

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

In cattle: a test that is useful in determining which species are driving resistance in a property after a FECRT has shown poor results for a specific product and to understand the epidemiology of the parasites.

A

Coproculture

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

a scoring test that should not be used as a selective criterion in the diagnosis of non-hematophagous parasites

A

FAMACHA

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

this technique has been proven to be a useful monitoring tool when used in first-season grazing calves at housing to evaluate parasite exposure in the past grazing season

A

Plasma pepsinogen

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

The definitive diagnostic test for F. hepatica is

A

liver necropsy

29
Q

most common clinical sign of dictyocaulosis in cattle.

A

persistent cough

30
Q

an important parasitic disease of ruminant livestock caused by the protozoan parasite of the genus Eimeria

A

Coccidiosis

31
Q

age of calves most susceptible to Coccidiosis

A

between 6 and 12 months

32
Q

age of lambs and kids most susceptible to Coccidiosis

A

between 1 and 6 months

33
Q

Subclinical disease of coccidiosis is characterized by ____

A

poor growth

34
Q

Clinical disease of coccidiosis is most commonly characterized by ______.

A

diarrhea

35
Q

T/F: Eimeria species that infect goats can also infect sheep or cattle and vice versa

A

F. Eimeria species are host-specific

36
Q

T/F: There are certain species of Eimeria that are nonpathogenic

A

T

37
Q

T/F: Eimeria arloingi is a pathogenic species of Eimeria affecting cattle

A

F. Affects goats

38
Q

T/F: Eimeria zuernii is a pathogenic species of Eimeria affecting cattle

A

T

39
Q

T/F: Sporulated oocysts are passed through the feces into the environment

A

F. Unsporulated

40
Q

T/F: Oocysts become sporulated inside the host

A

F. become sporulated in the environment

41
Q

Eimeria sporozoites infect cells of what organ

A

small intestine

42
Q

Eimeria sporozoites transform into

A

merozoites

43
Q

The endogenous phase of Eimeria life cycle begins with _________

A

the animal ingesting sporulated oocysts

44
Q

a favorable environmental condition for sporulated oocysts are:

A

moderate heat and moisture

45
Q

a condition that occurs in calves after heavy infections with Eimeria zuernii

A

Nervous coccidiosis

46
Q

effective means of decreasing Eimeria oocysts in the environment (2 answers)

A

Exposure to sunlight,
desiccation

47
Q

May be best choice for Tx of coccidiosis in goats

A

Monensin (Rumensin)

48
Q

a leguminous plant containing condensed tannins with anti-parasitic properties has been shown to be successful in preventing and controlling coccidiosis and gastrointestinal nematode infections in lambs

A

Sericea lespedeza

49
Q

largely cause nonspecific clinical, biochemical, and histopathologic changes indicative of hepatic or biliary insult

A

Plant-derived hepatotoxins

50
Q

the most important plant-derived toxins worldwide

A

Pyrrolizidine alkaloids

51
Q

the first organ damaged by toxic plants

A

liver

52
Q

seen grossly as a shrunken and firm liver with nodules of hyperplasia admixed with fibrosis

A

Chronic liver failure

53
Q

animals resistant to Dehydropyrrolizidine alkaloids (PAs) poisoning

A

small ruminants and most rodents

54
Q

animals susceptible to Dehydropyrrolizidine alkaloids (PAs) poisoning

A

Chickens, cattle, pigs, and horses

55
Q

a large, and diverse group of plant toxins that are found throughout the world in many species of the Boraginaceae, Asteraceae, Orchidaceae, and Fabaceae families

A

Dehydropyrrolizidine alkaloids (PAs)

56
Q

a legume forage used for hay, pasture, and soil improvement. The plant resembles red clover, but is distinguished by the absence of crescent-shaped marks
on the leaflets.

A

Alsike clover

57
Q

characterized by hepatic dysfunction and photosensitization, and is only reported in horses

A

second syndrome of Alsike clover

58
Q

a primary photosensitization that is seen in cattle,
sheep, swine, and horses

A

first syndrome of Alsike clover

59
Q

Histopathologic lesions include subacute to chronic biliary hyperplasia and fibrosis

A

Alsike clover poisoning

60
Q

Microscopic lesions include cholangitis, and eosinophilic crystalline material within bile ducts, canaliculi, and hepatocytes

A
61
Q

Histologic lesions include dose-dependent hepatocellular vacuolation and centrilobular hepatocellular degeneration and necrosis

A

COCKLEBUR (XANTHIUM SPP)

62
Q

have been attributed to corn cockle, soapwort, cow cockle, and broomweed

A

SAPONIN-CONTAINING PLANTS

63
Q

chronic exposure cause leukoencephalomalacia in horses known as moldy corn poisoning

A

Fumonisins

64
Q

toxic principles are phomopsins, which inhibit microtubule polymerization, thus hindering mitosis, which results in severe liver disease with secondary photosensitization

A

Lupin toxicosis

65
Q

Plant poisoning results in diarrhea, inappetence, followed
by icterus and photosensitization (facial eczema)

A

Sporidesmin poisoning

66
Q

Acute bovine liver disease is an emerging disease associated with the ingestion of _____

A

Cynosurus echinatus

67
Q

Acutely poisoned animals may develop constipation and inappetence as quickly as 2 hours after ingestion. This is followed by photosensitization, dull mentation, and icterus 24 to 48 hours after ingestion.

A

Lantana camara and other Lantana species poisoning

68
Q

when this plant is included in hay, this can fatally poison cattle and possibly other species

A

Salvia reflexa

VMED 163: RUMINANT (6 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions