From Quiz 5- CNS and PNS Flashcards
oculomotor nerve palsy can be recognized by which sx?
down and lateral gaze
The most common site of ulnar nerve entrapment is at
the elbow
followed by wrist
Meralgia paresthetica is characterized by sensory symptoms in the distribution of which nerve?
lateral cutaneous nerve of the thigh
list 3 mechanisms of pathogenesis of diabetic neuropathy
- microvascular disease leads to impairment of blood supply to nerves
- incr sorbitol and decr. inositol
- ischemia and hypoxia
the most common cause of acute generalized paralysis in the U.S
Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS)
bilateral facial neuropathy is more common in patients with
Lyme (Borrelia burgdorferi)
What’s Hutchinson’s sign and why is it important?
A skin lesion on the tip of the nose precedes the development of ophthalmic herpes zoster.
Could lead to corneal ulceration
mutation in which protein leads to neurofibromatosis type 2?
protein merlin
maternal alpha fetal protein levels that are below normal are associated with a smaller number of conditions
down’s syndrome
trisomy 18
Cerebral palsy is caused by damage to the motor control centers of the developing brain and can occur
during pregnancy (~75 %), during childbirth (~10 %) or after birth (~15 %).
The most common finding on autopsy of newborns and infants with cerebral palsy is
periventricular leukomalacia
meningitis in neonates caused by
E. coli
meningitis in adolescents caused by
N. meningitis
meningitis in older adults >65 caused by
S. pneumonia
CSF analysis in bacterial meningitis
Opening CSF pressure: > 180 mm H2O
WBC: counts of 10 - 10,000/uL with notable neutrophil predominance
Glucose: 4.5 mg/dL
CSF glucose to serum glucose ratio: 60% cases
Culture: positive in >80% cases
Latex agglutination: best for H. flu
PCR: best for identifying viral meningitis