From Quiz 5- CNS and PNS Flashcards

1
Q

oculomotor nerve palsy can be recognized by which sx?

A

down and lateral gaze

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2
Q

The most common site of ulnar nerve entrapment is at

A

the elbow

followed by wrist

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3
Q

Meralgia paresthetica is characterized by sensory symptoms in the distribution of which nerve?

A

lateral cutaneous nerve of the thigh

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4
Q

list 3 mechanisms of pathogenesis of diabetic neuropathy

A
  • microvascular disease leads to impairment of blood supply to nerves
  • incr sorbitol and decr. inositol
  • ischemia and hypoxia
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5
Q

the most common cause of acute generalized paralysis in the U.S

A

Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS)

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6
Q

bilateral facial neuropathy is more common in patients with

A

Lyme (Borrelia burgdorferi)

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7
Q

What’s Hutchinson’s sign and why is it important?

A

A skin lesion on the tip of the nose precedes the development of ophthalmic herpes zoster.
Could lead to corneal ulceration

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8
Q

mutation in which protein leads to neurofibromatosis type 2?

A

protein merlin

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9
Q

maternal alpha fetal protein levels that are below normal are associated with a smaller number of conditions

A

down’s syndrome

trisomy 18

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10
Q

Cerebral palsy is caused by damage to the motor control centers of the developing brain and can occur

A
during pregnancy (~75 %), 
during childbirth (~10 %) or 
after birth (~15 %).
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11
Q

The most common finding on autopsy of newborns and infants with cerebral palsy is

A

periventricular leukomalacia

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12
Q

meningitis in neonates caused by

A

E. coli

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13
Q

meningitis in adolescents caused by

A

N. meningitis

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14
Q

meningitis in older adults >65 caused by

A

S. pneumonia

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15
Q

CSF analysis in bacterial meningitis


A

Opening CSF pressure: > 180 mm H2O
WBC: counts of 10 - 10,000/uL with notable neutrophil predominance
Glucose: 4.5 mg/dL
CSF glucose to serum glucose ratio: 60% cases
Culture: positive in >80% cases
Latex agglutination: best for H. flu
PCR: best for identifying viral meningitis

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16
Q

most common cause of viral meningitis is

A

enterovirus

in children and adults

17
Q

India ink stain used for

A

cryptococcal meningitis

18
Q

which part of the brain is affected in HSV encephalitis?

A

temporal lobes