Friday 1 - Jokinen - Intro to Skin Terms

Question 1

Macule examples

Answer 1

Patch: large macule
Freckle
Vitilligo

Question 2

Papule definition

Answer 2

Palpable, circumscribed change in consistency or contour of the skin.

Question 3

Nodule

Answer 3

Papule larger that 1 cm. A tumor is simple a large nodule.

Question 4

Plaque and example

Answer 4

A coalescence of papules (psoriasis)

Question 5

Vesicle and two types

Answer 5

Circumscribed, clear fluid filled lesion.

Bulla, Pustule

Question 6

Bulla and example

Answer 6

A large cyst or vesicle. bullous pemphigoid

Question 7

Pustule

Answer 7

Vesicle filled with inflamatory cells

Question 8

Wheal and example

Answer 8

A palpable, circumscribed, area of edema with central pallor and peripheral arythema that usually disappears relatively quickly. (Hives.)

Question 9

Purpura and example

Answer 9

Discoloration of the skin due to the presence of blood in the tissue, outside of blood vessels; will not blanch with pressure. (vasculitis)

Question 10

Petechiae

Answer 10

Punctate region of purpura (tiny dots)

Question 11

Milium

Answer 11

A white papule composed of whorls of keratinized epidermal cells beneath the skin surface.

Question 12

Burrow and example

Answer 12

A horizontal tunnel in the stratum corneum produced by a parasite. (Scabies)

Question 13

Example of Hyperkeratotic skin from class

Answer 13

Icthyosis

Question 14

Scaly and example

Answer 14

Characterized by exfoliation of surface keratin. (psoriasis)

Question 15

Crusted skin and subtypes including examples

Answer 15

Displaying dried exudate of fluid and/or cellular components on the skin surface.

Serous - composed of serum (contact dermatitis)
Purulent - containing pus (infection)
Hemorrhagic - Containing red cells; a scab (healing herpes zoster)

Question 16

Eroded

Answer 16

Showing a superficial defect in the skin surface which does not penetrate through the epidermis.

Question 17

Ulcerated

Answer 17

Showing a skin defect which penetrates through the epidermis.

Question 18

Excoriated

Answer 18

Eroded of ulcerated, often in a linear fashion, due to scratching. (dermatitis factitia)

Question 19

Edematous and example

Answer 19

Swollen; due to extravasation of serum and lymph into tissue. (urticaria or hives)

Question 20

Lichenified

Answer 20

Showing thickening with accentuation of the normal skin markings; usually a sign of chronicity associated with scratching or rubbing.

Question 21

Verrucous and example

Answer 21

Characterized by velvety or roughened wart-like change (verruca vulgaris)

Question 22

Telangiectatic

Answer 22

Showing dilated small arterioles or capilaries coursing parallel to the skin surface.

Question 23

Atrophic

Answer 23

Emaciated or thinned (striae or strech marks)

Question 24

Accuminate

Answer 24

tapering to a point

Question 25

annular

Answer 25

having the form of a ring

Question 26

arcuate

Answer 26

bent like a bow

Question 27

nummular

Answer 27

composed of flat, round discs

Question 28

reticulate

Answer 28

forming a network

Question 29

serpiginous

Answer 29

a creeping or spreading skin disease such as ringworm

Question 30

discoid

Answer 30

flat and circular

Question 31

Name of the herpes lesion

Answer 31

Zoster

Question 32

acral

Answer 32

pertaining to peripheral parts such as limbs.

Question 33

intertriginous

Answer 33

an area where two skin areas may touch or rub together i.e. axilla

Question 34

Time taken for:
basal skin layer reproduction
maturation to granular layer
completion to cornified layer

Answer 34

20 days
30 days
15 days

Question 35

Tunic dartos

Answer 35

muscle in the scrotum that tenses when cold.

Question 36

Acanthosis

Answer 36

epidermal hyperplasia

Question 37

Acantholysis

Answer 37

separation of keratinocytes due to loss of intercellular attachments (desmosomes).

Question 38

Cytoid (civatte or colloid) bodies

Answer 38

apoptotic keratinocytes

Question 39

Dyskeratosis

Answer 39

abnormal keratinization of keratinocytes

Question 40

Exocytosis

Answer 40

Penetration of the epidermis by inflammatory cells.

Question 41

Lentiginous

Answer 41

linear, non-nested proliferation of melanocytes along the basal layer. (freckles, in contrast, have normal number of melanocytes, but more melanin)

Question 42

Parakeratosis

Answer 42

retention of nuclei within the keratinocytes of the stratum corneum.

Question 43

Papillomatosis

Answer 43

Rounded epidermal hyperplasia in association with elongation or widening of the dermal papillae

Question 44

Spongiosis

Answer 44

Intercellular edema of the epidermis.

Question 45

Vacuolization

Answer 45

formation of vacuoles within cells usually due to intracellular edema

Question 46

Ulcer

Answer 46

focal loss of epidermis and dermis/subcutis