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THEORIES OF PERSONALITY > FREUD: PSYCHOANALYSIS > Flashcards

FREUD: PSYCHOANALYSIS Flashcards

1
Q

What is the real name of the founder of the the psychoanalytic theory

A

Sigismund Freud

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2
Q

What is his first discovery on 1885?

A

Cocaine

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3
Q

Freud’s birthdate and birthplace

A

May 6, 1856

Freiberg, Moravia (Czech Republic)

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4
Q

Freud’s date of death

A

September 23, 1839

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5
Q

What are the two cornerstones of psychoanalysis

A
  1. sex

2. aggression

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6
Q

What is the most significant event of Freud during childhood? Why?

A

When Julius, his sibling died.
He think he was the reason because he wish for his death but later on out he realized that it was not the reason. This contributed to his later self.

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7
Q

What is a disorder characterized by paralysis or improper functioning of certain parts of the body?

A

Hystria or somatic synptom disorder

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8
Q

It is a process removing hysterical symptoms through “talking them out”

A

Catharsis

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9
Q

It is a principal therapeutic technique of Freud

A

Free association

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10
Q

What are the two discoveries of Freud that made him to get recognitions?

A
  1. Discovery of Cocaine

2. He learned male hysteria after he went to charcot

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11
Q

It is a wandering womb

A

hysteria

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12
Q

In what society did he presented his theory of male hysteria

A

Imperial society of physicians of vienna

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13
Q

Who is William Fliess?

A

His friend after Breuer’s break-up. He was the one receiving the letters and knowing the development of his psychoanalytic theory. This is the embryonic stage of psychoanalysis.

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14
Q

What happened to Freud during 1890s?

A

He suffered professional isolation and personal crises

He realized that he was a middle aged that still want to be recognized

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15
Q

It is a theory of Freud that neuroses have their etiology on a child’s seduction by a parent

A

Seduction Theory

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16
Q

What are the 4 reasons why he abandoned his seduction theory?

A
  1. It will not treat the a single patient
  2. They will be accused of sexualt pervasion
  3. Unconscious mind couldn’t distinguished from fiction
  4. The unconscious mind of psychotic patients revealed the early childhood experiences
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17
Q

He is the biographer of Freud?

A

Ernest Jones

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18
Q

Ernest Jones believed from suffered from _____ in 1890?

A

psychoneurosis

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19
Q

He is a physician of Freud believed that he suffered from cardiac lesson, aggravated by addiction of _____.

A

Max Schur

Nicotine

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20
Q

He said that Freud “relived his oedipal conflicts with peculiar ferocity”

A

Peter Gay

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21
Q

He said Freud suffered from “creative illness”

A

Henri Ellenberg

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22
Q

A book that he was done during his middle crisis on 1899

A

Interpretation of dreams (IOD)

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23
Q

After the IOD, this book that solidify the foundation of the theory

A

On Dreams (OD)

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24
Q

A book that introduces the Freudian Slips

A

Psychopathology of Life (POF)

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25
Q

A book that was established that Sex as the cornerstone of psychoanalysis

A

Three Essays on the Theory of Sexuality (TEOTOS)

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26
Q

A book that jokes have meaning, it reveals the unconscious mind

A

Jokes and their relation to the unconscious (JRTU)

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27
Q

He was an old friend of Freud called “Crown prince” and “man of the future”

A

Carl Jung

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28
Q

The reason of Freud - Jung break-up

A

The interpretation of each’s dream

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29
Q

Why Freud dislikes America and Americans?

A

He disliked it for so many reasons, they have no toilet in the streets, they called him in different names and many more.

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30
Q

What are the three levels of the mind?

A

Unsconscius, Preconscious and Conscious

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31
Q

It is the explanation behind dreams, slips of tongues and repression

A

unconscious

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32
Q

It is a rich source of unconscious material

A

Dreams

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33
Q

It is an inherited unconscious images from the ancestors similar to Jung’s collective unconscious.
It also serves to fill the gap of individual’s experience.

A

Phylogenetic endowment

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34
Q

Elements that are not conscious but become conscious either readily or with difficulty

A

Preconscious

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35
Q

What are the two sources of preconscious?

A

Conscious Perception - the conscious is only in a transitory period when focus of attention shifts to another idea.
Unconscious - ideas can enter in disguised form

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36
Q

It is a relatively minor in psychoanalytic theory.

These are ideas we are aware of

A

Conscious

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37
Q

What are the the two ideas of conscious?

A
  1. Perceptual conscious system - everything perceived by sense organs or external stimuli
  2. Within mental structure
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38
Q

What are the three provinces of mind?

A

Id, Ego and Superego

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39
Q

Das Es is known as _______.

A

“It” or Id

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40
Q

Das Ich is known as _______.

A

“I” or Ego

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41
Q

Das Uber is known as _______.

A

“Over-I” or Superego

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42
Q

It is the pleasure principle and not-yet owned component of personality

A

Id

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43
Q

What is the purpose of Id’s energy?

A

It is to seek pleasure without regard for what proper and just (amoral, no morality)

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44
Q

How does the id operates?

A

Primary process

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45
Q

What is the thinking style of id?

A

Illogical and amoral

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46
Q

It is called the reality principle

It is the decision making and executive branch of personality

A

Ego

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47
Q

What age does a child developed the superego according to Freud’s theory?

A

5 - 6 years old

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48
Q

It is the idealistic principle
It has moral and ideal aspects of personality
Also, no contact with the outside world

A

Superego

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49
Q

How does the ego operates?

A

secondary process - ideas bring to outside world

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50
Q

What are the two subsystems of superego?

A

conscience

Ego-ideal

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51
Q

It tells what we should not do

A

Conscience

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52
Q

It tells what we should do

A

Ego - ideal

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53
Q

It is the result when the ego disobey superego

It contracts the moral standards of superego

A

Guilt

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54
Q

It results when ego is unable to meet the superego’s standard of perfection

A

Feelings of inferiority

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55
Q

How do you say that a person has a well-developed superego, according to Freud?

A

If the sex and agression drives are controlled through repression

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56
Q

Conscience is established through _______________.

Ego - ideal is established through ___________.

A

Punishment

Rewards of proper behavior

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57
Q

Conscience has _______.

Ego-ideal has _______.

A

Guilt

Feelings of inferiority

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58
Q

What is the origin name of drives?

A

Trieb (german word) which means a stimulus within a person

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59
Q

What are the other names of drives?

A

Instinct, impulse, constant motivational force

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60
Q

What are two major heading of drives?

A

Sex (life instinct) and agression (death instinct)

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61
Q

What is the name of the energy of sex and aggression?

A

Libido and has no name but is a death instinct

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62
Q

It is the amount of force it exerts

A

Impetus

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63
Q

It is the region of the body in a state of excitation and tension

A

Source

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64
Q

It seek pleasure by removing those excitation and tension

A

Aim

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65
Q

It is a person or thing that serves as the means through which the aim is satisfied

A

Object

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66
Q

What is the aim of sexual drive?

A

To seek pleasure

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67
Q

It is a libido that invested on their own ego during childhood which is universal

A

Primary narcissism

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68
Q

What is secondary narcissism?

A

It is the second stage that a libido go back to own ego and it happened during puberty because they are preoccupied with personal appeance self-interests but not universal

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69
Q

It is the second manifestation of Eros

A

Love

70
Q

What is love in psychoanalysis?

A

A person invested the libido to object or person other than themselves

71
Q

It is a need of sexual pleasure by inflicting or humiliation to another person

A

sadism

72
Q

It is a need of sexual pleasure from pain and humiliation either by themselves or others

A

Masochism

73
Q

A book that Freud wrote as the result of unhappy experiences during WWI and consequences of Sophie’s death.

A

Beyond the Pleasure Principle

74
Q

What is the book Beyond the pleasure principle?

A

It is about the elevated agression to the level of the sexual drive

75
Q

What is the aim of destructive drive?

A

To return the organism to an inorganic state

76
Q

What is the final aim of aggressive drive?

A

Self-destruction

77
Q

What are the example forms of aggressive drive?

A

Teasing, gossip, humor, humiliation, wars, atrocities and religious persecution

78
Q

It is a felt, affective, unpleasant state accompanied by a physical tension that warns the person against impending danger

A

Anxiety

79
Q

What kind of province of mind can only feel the anxiety?

A

Ego

80
Q

What are the three types of anxiety?

A

Neurotic anxiety
Realitic anxiety
Moral anxiety

81
Q

It is a type of anxiety that is an apprehension about unknown danger

A

Neurotic anxiety

82
Q

It is a type of anxiety that has conflict between ego and superego

A

Moral anxiety

83
Q

It is a type of anxiety that is unpleasant, nonspecific feeling involving a possible danger

A

Realistic anxiety

84
Q

What are the two importance of anxiety in psychoanalysis?

A
  1. It is an ego-preserving mechanism that signal us that there is danger
  2. Self regulating because it precipitates repression that reduces the pain of anxiety
85
Q

What is defense mechanism?

A

It protects the ego against the pain of anxiety

86
Q

What are the two purposes of defense mechanism?

A
  1. Avoid dealing with sexual and aggressive implosives

2. Protect ego from anxiety

87
Q

It is a type of defense mechanism that forces threatening feelings into unconscious mind

A

repression

88
Q

What happened when impulses are repressed?

A
  1. The impulses remained unchanged
  2. It takes in another unaltered form
  3. It can be disguised or displaced in another form
89
Q

It is a type of defense mechanism that adopting disguise that is directly opposite its original form?

A

Reaction - formation

90
Q

It is a type of defense mechanism that redirect unacceptable urges into object or people so that the original impulse is concealed

A

Displacement

91
Q

It is a type of defense mechanism that a person remain to its present, more comfortable psychological stage. It is more permanent attachment to libido onto an earlier, more primitive stage of development

A

Fixation

92
Q

A type of defense mechanism that revert back to the earlier stage, more secure patterns of behavior and invest libido onto more primitive and familiar object.
More visible to children

A

Regression

93
Q

A type of Defense mechanism that is attributing unwanted impulse to external objects or persons

A

Projection

94
Q

The extreme type of projection

A

Paranoia

95
Q

What is a crucial distinction of paranoia and projection?

A

Paranoia is always characterized by repressed homosexual feeings toward the persecutor.

96
Q

A type of defense mechanism that incorporates positive qualities of another person into their own ego

A

Introjection

97
Q

Freud believed introjection is a prototype to resolve ______?

A

Oedipus complex

98
Q

A type of defense mechanism that is a direct expression of eros and result in a kind of balance social accomplishments

A

sublimation

99
Q

A type of defense mechanism that is a repression of genital aim but substituting a cultural aim or social aim

A

Sublimation

100
Q

What are the four stages of development?

A
  1. Infantile stage
  2. latency stage
  3. Genital stage
  4. Maturity stage
101
Q

It is the most crucial for personality formation happened during 4 -5 years of life.

A

Infantile Stage

102
Q

What are the three phases of Infantile stage which primary erogenous zones undergoing?

A
  1. Oral Phase
  2. Anal Phase
  3. Phallic Phase
103
Q

What is the sexual aim of early oral activity?

A

Receives or incorporate into one’s body and object-choice.

104
Q

A subphase of early of oral which has no ambivalence toward pleasurable object and satisfied with minimum frustration and anxiety?

A

Oral - receptive oral phase

105
Q

A subphase of oral that infant responds biting, cooing, closing theri mouth, smiling and crying.

A

Oral - sadistic oral phase

106
Q

It is a second stage or form of aggressive drive when anus become a pleasurable zone?

A

Sadistic Anal Phase or Anal stage

107
Q

A subphase of anal stage that children receives satisfaction by destroying or losing objects

A

Early anal period

108
Q

A subphase of anal stage that children has erotic pleasure of defecation

A

Late anal period

109
Q

A person that is overly resistant to toilent training and holding back their feces

A

Anal Character

110
Q

A person that has orderliness, stinginess and obstinancy

A

Anal Triad

111
Q

Differences of active orientation and passive orientation

A

AO - masculine qualities of dominance and sadism

PO - feminine qualities of voyeurism and masochism

112
Q

It is a third stage of Infantile formation which occurs at 3 -4 years of age.

A

Phallic stage

113
Q

A stage when genital is the leading erogenous stage and marked the dichotomy of male and female

A

Phallic stage

114
Q

A dictum “anatomy is destiny” is came from ____?

A

Sigmund Freud

115
Q

What is oedipus complex?

A

rivalry towards father and incestuous feeling towards mother

116
Q

What is complete oedipus complex?

A

A stage where there is ambivalence condition of hostility and lust towards parents.

117
Q

What is castration anxiety?

A

It is a fear of losing penis

118
Q

How the castration complex begins in a child?

A

When a child realized and aware that girl has no penis. This is the greatest emotional shock of his life.

119
Q

How does oedipus complex resolved in boys?

A
  1. When a child realized that he will be punished so he will repressed his impulses toward sexual activity.
  2. Identification of father (father is a model of values)
120
Q

What is penis envy?

A

A female’s wish to be a boy or desire to have a man’s penis.

121
Q

What is simple oedipus complex or electra complex?

A

It is a the hostility towards mother, incestuous feeling towards father.

122
Q

How does electra complex resolved in girls?

A
  1. By giving up the masturbatory activity

2. Gradual realization that oedipal desires is self-defeating

123
Q

Why female’s superego is weaker, more flexible and less severe than male?

A
  1. It is because the superego is built from the relics of shattered oedipus complex.
  2. It is because of the differences in formation of oedipal history
124
Q

Explain the oedipal history of male and female

A

Male - Castration anxiety follows the oedipus complex

Female - Oedipus complex follows the Castration Complex (penis envy)

125
Q

Which is the faster to resolve oedipus complex of boys or oedipus complex of girls? Why?

A

The boys has complete and fastes dissolved compare to girl because they did not experience emotional shock unlike boys.

126
Q

What is the result of dissolved oedipus complex to boys and girls?

A

A strong superego for boys

A weak superego for girls

127
Q

It is a “dark continent of psychology”

A

Feminine psychology

128
Q

A stage/period which is a dormant psychosexual development that begins at 3 - 4 years until puberty

A

Latency Period

129
Q

What happened to a child during latency period?

A

Parents or teachers suppressed their sexual activity that leads to repression.
They are able to form groups or cliques

130
Q

A stage/period which is the reawakening of sexual aim that begins during puberty

A

Genital stage

131
Q

What happened to a child during genital stage that is different from Infantile period?

A

A child’s libido go back to its ego which gives up the autoeroticism that direct’s energy to another object

  1. Reproduction is possible
  2. The girls still lingers her penis envy, boys see vagina as an sexual object rather than a source of trauma
  3. Sexual drive is more organized
132
Q

A final stage which begins at puberty and continues throughout life time that attained by everyone who reaches physical maturity.

A

Maturity stage

133
Q

How do you say that a person is psychologically healthly individual based on Freud’s theory?

A

When has a balance structure of mind (Id, ego ans superego), consciousness, minimal repression and mostly uses sublimation rather than neurotic symptoms.

134
Q

What is the primary goal of later psychoanalytic therapy?

A

To uncover the repressed memories through free association and dream analysis

135
Q

What is the purpose of psychoanalysis?

A

Strengthen the ego, to make it more independent to superego, to widen its perception and enlarge its organization so that it can it fresh portions of the id. “Where id was, there ego shall be”

136
Q

What is free association?

A

Verbalizing every thought that comes to their mind

137
Q

What is transference?

A

The strong sexual or aggresive feelings towards the analyst

138
Q

What is positive transference?

A

More or less relive childhood experiences with nonthreatening climate

139
Q

What is negative transference?

A

Form of hostility with resistance of treatment

140
Q

What is countertransference?

A

The strong sexual or aggresive feelings of analyst towards the patients

141
Q

What is resistance?

A

The variety of unconscious responses to block the progress of therapy but a positive sign that treatment is useful

142
Q

What are the limitations of psychoanalytic?

A
  1. not all memories are brought into consciousness
  2. Treatment is not effective with psychotic patients
  3. Once cured, it may later developed another psychic problem
143
Q

What is dream analysis?

A

It transform manifest content to more important latent content

144
Q

What is manifest content?

A

The surface meaning given by dreamer

145
Q

What is latent content?

A

It is the unconscious material uncover by the analyst

146
Q

What is repetition compulsion?

A

A dream that is frightening and traumatic frequently found with people having PTSD

147
Q

What are the two disguise form of dreams?

A
  1. Condensation

2. Displacement

148
Q

What is condensation of dreams?

A

The unconscious material has been abbreviated or condense already.

149
Q

What is displacement of dreams?

A

The dream image is replaced by other idea

150
Q

What are the methods of interpreting dreams?

A
  1. Ask patients to relate their dreams and their association to it
  2. Dream symbols
151
Q

What is the purpose of using the method of dream analysis?

A

It is to trace back the dream formation and reveal the dream interpretation

152
Q

It is a “royal road” to knowledge of unconscious

A

Dream analysis

153
Q

It belongs to preconscious

A

anxiety

154
Q

It belongs to unconscious

A

wish

155
Q

What are the three anxiety dreams?

A
  1. Embarrassment of nakedness
  2. Death of loved one
  3. Failing of examination in school
156
Q

What does embrassment of nakedness means?

A

A dream which that is rooted from childhood in the presence of adult

157
Q

What does death of loved one means?

A

A dream which express wish of destruction

158
Q

What does failing of examination in school means?

A

A dream which is anticipating a difficult task

159
Q

It is known as “faulty action” or Fehlleistung

A

Freudian slips

160
Q

It is the today’s word for Freudian slips. Who invented it?

A

Paraphrases

James Strachey

161
Q

What are the two forms of consciousness based on freudian slips?

A

Core consciousness - state of not being aware or awake

Extended consciousness - state of being awake

162
Q

It is part of brain that reflect one’s knowledge

A

Prefrontal cortex

163
Q

It is a neurotransmitter that is for pleasure

A

Dopamine

164
Q

What are the two neurlogical origins of pleasure?

A

Brain stem and limbic system

165
Q

What is the pleasure-seeking system and pleasure-liking system?

A

Dopamine - former

Opiods - latter

166
Q

What part of the brain that when damage it affect the structure of personality or activates the id-driven.

A

Frontal - limbic system

167
Q

Who is Phineas Gage?

A

A person who has damaged frontal lobe that changes to be an id-driven person

168
Q

A theory which the meaning is what the waking mind gives to thse more or less random brain activities, but meaning is not inherent in the dream

A

Activation - synthesis theory

169
Q

A research conducted by Daviid Wegner and colleagues which wishes suppressed during a day assert themselves in dreams.

A

Dream rebound effect

170
Q

Explain the theory of Freud based on the six criteria of research.

  1. Generates research
  2. Falsifiable
  3. Organizes data
  4. Guides action
  5. Internal consistency
  6. Parsimonous
A
  1. Generates research - average
  2. Falsifiable - low
  3. Organizes data - moderate
  4. Guides action - low
  5. Internal consistency - yes
  6. Parsimonous - not
171
Q

Explain theory based on the dimensions of humanity

  1. Determinism vs. Free Choice
  2. Pessimism vs. Optimism
  3. Causality vs. Teleology
  4. Conscious vs. Unconscious
  5. Social vs. Biological influences
  6. Uniqueness vs. Similarities
A
  1. Deterministic because we are not control by our own actions
  2. Pessimism because it is based on the unconscious mind
  3. Causality - it is based on the past
  4. Unconscious - unconscious mind
  5. Biological influences - it has low social
  6. Uniqueness vs. Similarities - in the middle

THEORIES OF PERSONALITY (5 decks)

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