Freshman Final Flashcards
Queen Nefertiti erected a personal cosmetics factory next to the Dead Sea
False
The croquignole wrapping technique was introduced after World War 2
False
Bacteria cell division is called binary fission
True
A closed comedo is also known as a blackhead
False
The trick in preventing occupational contact dermatitis is to use gloves or utensils when working with irritating chemicals
True
Leukonychia spots result from a calcium or zinc deficiency
False
Onychomadesis may be caused by an allergic reaction of the nail bed
False
The body produces the 20 amino acids that make up hair
False
Vellus hair is not pigmented and almost never has a medulla
True
Water and alcohol are examples of miscible liquids
True
Wavy hair does not reflect much light and can be course to the touch
False
Hair that grows below the parietal, or crest, hangs because of gravity
True
If blade tension is too loose, it will allow the shears to fold the hair
True
The term pH is an abbreviation used for potential hydrogen
True
Ammonia free waves using ingredient other than ATG such as cysteamine or mercaptamine
False
Hair that looks gun-metal gray is ready to receive color
False
The oblong face has greater length in proportion to its width than the square or round face
True
UV gel enhancements rely on ingredients from the monomer liquid and polymer powder chemical family
True
A business plan is a legally binding document
False
The art and science of beautifying and improving the skin, nails, and hair is called
Cosmetology
When suggesting options to a client, which of the following criteria should be used
Lifestyle, face shape, and hair type
Nonpathogenic bacteria are
Harmless
A contagious skin disease that is caused by the itch mite is
Scabies
Which of the following is also known as microscopic anatomy
Histology
There bone that forms the back of the skull above the nape is the
Occipital
The part of the muscle at the movable attachment to the skeleton is the
Insertion
The main arteries that supply blood to the head, neck, and face are the
Common carotid arteries
The fibrous protein that gives skin its flexibility and helps skin regain its shape after being expanded is
Elastin
Which of the following is a function of the skin
Sensation, excretion, heat regulation
Lesions of the skin characterized by piles of material on the skin surface are
Secondary skin lesions
The most common and least severe type of skin cancer is
Nasal cell carcinoma
A nail condition in which blood clots form under the nail plate due to a small injury of the nail plate is
Bruised nail
Minor damage to the matrix that produces a whitish discoloration or white spots on the nails is
Leukonychia
The major elements that make up human hair are carbon, oxygen, hydrogen, nitrogen, and sulfur, often referred to as the
COHNS elements
The medical term used to describe dandruff is
Pityriasis
Hair flowing in the same direction, the result of follicles sloping in the same direction form a
Hair stream
All matter has physical and chemical properties and exists in the form of
Solid, liquid, and gas
Ions with a positive electrical charge are considered to be
Cation
Electricity travels how many miles per second
186,000
Rays with short wave links that are the least penetrating, produce chemical effects, and kill germs are
Ultraviolet rays
The wave pattern used to accentuate the face and narrow a round head shape should be
Smooth
Anti-dandruff shampoos and conditioners contain antifungal agents that suppress the growth of
Malassezia
Shampoos that contain special chemicals or drugs that are effective in reducing dandruff or relieving other scalp conditions are
Medicated shampoos
Do not use high-frequency current on hair treated with tonics or lotions that contain
Alcohol
Placing a comb flat against the nape of the head and finding where the comb leaves the head can be used to locate the
Occipital bone
An important element in creating a strong foundation and consistency in haircutting and creating shapes is the use of
Angles
Which type a comb is used mainly to detangle the hair
Wide-tooth comb
Haircuts that generally have less weight than graduated haircuts are
Layered cuts
When using the slicing technique to remove bulk, the shears should never be completely
Closed
Stationary foundation of a curl that is also the area closest to the scalp is called the
Base
As a rule of thumb, coarse and gray hair can withstand more heat than
Fine hair
To remove the carbon buildup from the metal portion of a pressing comb, immerse the metal portion of the comb in a solution containing
Baking soda
To avoid scratching the scalp, the teeth on wide-toothed comb‘s should have
Long rounded tips
The least expensive wig option is
Machine made
Hydrogen bonds are easily broken by water or heat and are reformed when the hair is
Dried
The application for chemical relaxers should be started in the most resistant area, usually the
Back of the head
The primary color that brings depth and darkness to any color is
Blue
Tones can be described as cool, warm or
Neutral
Neutral base colors are often used to cover
Gray hair
Dye precursors that combine with hydrogen peroxide to form larger, permanent dye molecules are called
Aniline derivatives
You should never apply hair color to a client if the scalp has any obvious signs of
Abrasions
For waxing to be effective the hair should be at least how long
1/4 inch
Treatments that produce heat or stimulate the skin should be avoided for clients with the skin disorder
Rosacea
Hair cream type-enzyme applied to the face and rolled off the skin is a
Gommage
A lubricating cream that must be thoroughly removed for additional products to penetrate the skin is
Massage cream
The direction of movement in massage should always be from the insertion of the muscle towards its
Origin
A tinted base make up that is used to color or even out skin coloring is
Foundation
A darker shade of eye color makes the natural color of the iris appear
Lighter
Heavy make up used for theatrical purposes is
Greasepaint
Which of the following is a main factor to consider when choosing colors for client
Skin color, eye color, and hair color
The well-proportioned facial shape considered the ideal is
Oval
Eyelash hairs on a strip that are applied using an adhesive are
Band lashes
Product information on safe handling guidelines, first aide, and proper storage is contained in
Material Safety Data Sheets
Essential oils are extracted using various forms of distillation from which of the following
Seeds, plant resin, and wood
Toenail clippers that are the most effective should have jaws with a
Fine point
To avoid the risk of infection, nippers should never be used on clients who are
Diabetic
The nail tip adhesive used to secure the nail tip to a natural nail is also called an
Bonding agent
When using the brush to shape the enhancement on the free edge area, use
The middle portion of the brush
When applying nail enhancements, surface moisture and natural oils left on the nail plate will
Block adhesion
When lightly tapped with the handle of a brush, hard nail enhancements make
A clicking sound
Caution should be used when filing gel nails because they are
Soft
In the cosmetology industry or service industry, putting clients first is
Required
To be successful in sales you need ambition, determination, and a
Good personality
One reason for entering into a partnership agreement is to have
Capital for investment
Positioned between horizontal and vertical lines, often used to emphasize or minimize facial features
Diagonal lines
Lines with a definite forward or backward movement
Directional lines
Established when an imaginary line is drawn through the center of the face and the two resulting halves of a hairstyle have an equal visual weight, but are positioned unevenly
Asymmetrical balance
Face with a receding forehead and chin
Convex profile
The triangular section that begins at Apex, or high point of the head, and ends at the front corners
Fringe area
Also known as surfactants, these are cleansing or surface active agents
Detergents
Contain an active chelating agent that binds to metals and removes them from the hair
Clarifying shampoo
Also known as powder shampoo
Dry shampoo
Washes away excess oiliness while preventing the hair from drying out
Balancing shampoo
Where and how hair is moved over the head
Distribution
A visual line in the haircut, where the ends of the hair hang together
Weight line
More aggressive version of point cutting that creates a chunkier effect
Notching
First step of double process hair coloring
Pre-lightning
Colors obtained from the leaves or bark of plants
Vegetable haircolors
Used to equalize porosity
Fillers
Throughout the Chou Dynasty (circa 1100 BC), the royal colors were gold and silver
True
State agencies set guidelines for the manufacturing, sale, and use of equipment and chemical ingredients
False
Acquired immunity is partly inherited and partly developed through healthy living
False
The smaller bone in the forearm on the same side as the thumb is the radius
True
Nearly 60 percent of aging is caused by the rays of the sun
False
The appearance of the nails can reflect the general health of the body
True
Pigment cells are termed melanocytes
True
Nail psoriasis is an infectious disease
False
The hair cuticle consists of an overlapping layer of transparent, scale-like cells that look like shingles on a roof
True
The complete loss of all body hair is known as alopecia totalis
False
Microcurrent travels throughout the entire body
False
The difference between a relaxation massage and treatment massage is the amount of pressure you use
False
Optimally, shears should have a Rockwell hardness of 63 or higher
False
A razor should not be used on curly hair as it weakens the cuticle
True
Salt bonds can be broken by water, whereas disulfide bonds are broken by changes in pH
False
Pheomelanin is the melanin that gives blond and red colors hair
True
Fulling is a form of petrissage in which the tissue is grasped, gently lifted, and spread out
True
A disposable plastic or reusable metal spatula must be used for removing products from their respective containers to prevent contamination of the products and the spread of disease
True
Large national salon chains are owned by individuals who pay a fee to use the name
False
A long-term picture of what the business is to become and what it will look like when it gets there is part of the executive summary
False
Which of the following is an example of a long term goal
Graduating from cosmetology school
Chemical products that destroy all bacteria, fungi, and viruses (but not spores) on surfaces are:
Disinfectants
A Disease caused by blood borne virus that causes liver damage is
Hepatitis
The type of immunity that the body develops after overcoming a disease or through inoculations is
Acquired immunity
Unfavorable conditions for mitosis include
Toxins disease injury
The uppermost in largest bone of the arm extending from the elbow to the shoulder is the
Humerus
Which nerve supplies impulses to the skin on the outer side and back of the foot and leg
Sural nerve
The muscle that causes goosebumps when a person is frightened or cold is the
Arrector pili muscle
Oil glands that are connected to hair follicles are also called
Sebaceous glands
A freckle is an example of a mark on the skin called a
Lesion
A non-contagious skin disease characterized by red patches covered with silver white scales found on the scalp is
Psoriasis
The area of the near where the nail plate cells are formed is
Matrix
Visible depression is running across the width of the natural nail plate that are the result of the major illness or injury are
Beau’s lines
A lengthwise section of hair shows that cuticle scales overlap in each individual cuticle scale is attached to the
Cortex
A week physical cross-link side bonds between adjacent polypeptide chains that is broken by changes in pH is a
Salt bond
Severe type of dandruff characterized by an accumulation of greasy or waxy scalp scales mix with sebum is
Pityriasis steatoides
Dry hair and scalp should be treated with products that contain moisturizers and
Emollients
Substances used to neutralize acid or raise the pH of many hair products are
Alkanolamines
Electricity is a form of energy that, when emotion, exhibits
Thermal magnetic and chemical effects
Infusing water-soluble products into the skin with the use of electric current is known as
Iontophoresis
Curved lines that are used to blend and soften horizontal or vertical lines are
Transitional lines
Shampooing encompasses three different processes, include all of the following except
Blow drying
Hair that has been lightened colored, permed, or chemically relaxed is
Chemically treated
When securing a cape and stripping for a basic shampoo do not let the Cape touch the
Client skin
Services on the head where the hell changes such as the ears, jawline, and occipital bone are referred to as
Reference points
The nape areas defined as the area at the back part of the neck and consist of the hair below the
Occipital bone
Shears that are designed to remove more hair with larger teeth set farther apart are
Notching shears
When cutting with a vertical or diagonal cutting line the best way to maintain control of the subsection is to cut
Palm to palm
A basic haircut where the hair is cut at 180° angle is the
Long layered haircut
The technique that allows you to cut the hair very close to the scalp creating a flat top or square shape is
Clipper over comb
The correct temperature setting of the iron for thermal curling is determined by the
Texture of the hair
Pressing comes with less space between the teeth produce a
Smooth press
In terms of breeding and other natural hairstyling the diameter of hair refers to whether the hair is
Coarse, medium, or fine
The three strand braid produced by overlapping the strands of hair on top of each other is the
Inverted
Chemical side bonds formed when two sulfur type chains are joined together are
Disulfide bonds
All perm wraps begin by sectioning the hair into
Panels
The hair type with a large diameter that can take longer to process hair color is
Coarse textured hair
Primary and secondary colors that are positioned opposite each on the Color wheel are
Complementary colors
Colors I can look deeper than their actual level are
Cool tones
The coloring products that are regarded as the best for covering gray hair
Permanent Hair coloring
The process where the hair is pre-lightened and then toned is
Double process application
The technical term that refers to the overgrowth of hair on the body is
Hypertrichosis
Skin that Appears shiny or greasy from clogged dead cells in the follicle is
Oily skin
Process of removing dead cells from the surface of the skin is
Exfoliation
And enzyme peel that does not dry the skin and can be used during a steam treatment is the
Powder form
Oil Absorbing mask that have an exfoliating and astringent affect making large pores appear smaller are
Clay based masks
The process of using galvanic current to enable water soluble products that contain ions to penetrate the skin is
Iontophoresis
A thick foundation that is oil-based, sold in a jar or tin, and may or may not contain water is
Cream
A cosmetic preparation used to darken, define, and thicken eyelashes is
Mascara
The metal ring that keeps the bristles and handle of a brush together is the
Ferrule
In the consultation area and during the application of makeup, the best light to use is
Natural light
The facial shape that is usually broader in proportion to its length is the
Round face
Nippers should be used to carefully trim away
Dead skin
Spa manicures include a relaxing massage and some form of
Exfoliation
A petroleum by-product that has excellent sealing properties to hold moisture in the skin is
Paraffin
A metal file that is designed to file in one direction is a
Nail rasp
An implement similar to a nail clipper that is used on nail tips is an
Tip cutter
Fabric wraps are made from silk, fiberglass, and
Linen
Additives designed to speed up the chemical reactions of monomers are
Catalysts
Pre-formed nail extensions made from ABS or tenite acetate plastic are
Nail tips
Odorless products harden more slowly which creates the tacky layer called the
Inhibition layer
A measure of how much electricity are UV bulb consumes is
Unit wattage
The technique of establishing contacts that may eventually lead to employment opportunities is
Networking
One of the best ways to improve your performance is to
Find a role model
When opening a new business the location selected should reflect your
Primary clientele
Line is moving in a circular or semi circular direction used to soften a design
Curved lines
Refers to wave patterns that must be taken into consideration when designing a style for a client
Design texture
Also known as focus, on a design is what draws the eye first, before travels to the rest of the design
Emphasis
Face with a prominent forehead and chin with other features receded in word
Concave profile
Avoiding a procedure or condition that may produce undesirable side effects
Contraindicated
Product design to penetrate the cortex and reinforce the hair shaft from within, and to temporarily reconstruct the hair
Protein conditioner
Also known as hair mask or conditioning packs chemical mixtures of concentrated Protein in intensive moisturizer
Deep conditioning treatments
Chemical agent that Deposits protein or moisturizer to help restore the hair strength to give hair body and to protect hair against possible breakage
Conditioners
Triangular section that begins at the apex and ends at the front corners
Bang area
Hair that grows at the outermost perimeter along the face around the ears and on the neck
Hairline
The amount of pressure applied when coming or holding a subsection during a haircut
Tension
Technique using diagonal lines to create Ingles by cutting the ends of the hair with a slight increase or decrease in length
Beveling
Refers to the first time the hair is colored
Virgin application
Nonammonia color that adds shine and tone to the hair
Glaze
Process by which oxygen is released
Oxidation
The thickness or diameter of the individual hair strand is referred as
Texture
The ability to absorb water or oil is
Porosity
Hair flowing in the same direction is known as a hair ____
Stream
