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history 10 > French Revolution > Flashcards

French Revolution Flashcards

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1
Q

Feudalism

A
  • France’s political system between 5th and 15th century
  • French feudal system (ancient regime) was very rigid

ORDER: God➡️ King➡️ Nobel Lord Vassal➡️ Vassal➡️ Freeman/Peasants/Serfs

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2
Q

Middle Ages

A
  • (Medieval period) 400-1500
  • Most people lived simple agricultural lives
  • Little change: tradition and fam very important
  • People owed Loyalty to: family, village, church, feudal lord, maybe king
  • No social mobility
  • Church has considerable influence
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3
Q

Enlightenment

A

People were fed up with Louis XVI and wanted change, philosophers felt they could use REASON to discover laws that governed human behaviour (ideas were spread in basements, hair salons, on the street, and eventually through things like the news paper) This challenged French view of religion, leading to the idea of unlimited human potential

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4
Q

Role of food crisis in the revolution

A

Bad weather caused for bad harvest, less bread, making it more expensive, people starving

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5
Q

Divine Right of Kings

A

Kings derive their authority from God, not their subjects, therefore rebellion is the worst of political crimes

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6
Q

Absolute monarch

A

Kings has absolute power among people

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7
Q

1st estate

A

Approx 100 000, lived as nobles (wealthy), collected tithes used for church admin., owned 20% of all land and paid no taxes

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8
Q

2nd estate

A

400 000 nobles, well paid gov’t and church positions, paid some form of tithe (maybe), enjoyed great wealth and privelage

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9
Q

3 estate

A

Approx. 26 million, payed most taxes, payed ancient feudal dues

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10
Q

Tennis Court Oath

A

Members of prominently the third estate met on a tennis court after being locked out of estates general meeting and declare themselves the National Assembly, swearing to a constitution (to not disband until they’d written a constitution ending old regime)

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11
Q

Storming of the Bastille

A

July 14, 1789

An attack on the Bastille representing an attack on injustice and inequality of old regime, Louis looses control of Paris and National Assembly is saved

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12
Q

Constitution of 1791

A

National Assembly gave France it’s first constitution, declaring it a constitutional monarchy (king head but legislature made laws)

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13
Q

Radicals

A

Revolutionaries who were unhappy with the constitutional monarchy… Wanted a republic

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14
Q

Reactionaries

A

Those who wished to restore the conditions of the ancient regime

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15
Q

Brunswick Manifesto

A

The Duke of Brunswick (Prussia) sent a warning to surrender peacefully or the revolutionaries will “be put to the tortures they deserve”

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16
Q

Robespierre and Jacobin Club

A

Most radical group➡️ demanded a democracy in which all male citizens has the right to vote

17
Q

The National Convention

A

Robespierre and Jacobin Club lead in taking over country and voted to make France a republic

18
Q

Reign of Terror

A

July 1793-July 1794

Up to 40 000 “enemies of France” were arrested and executed, many without trial

19
Q

Robespierre response to internal and external threats to revolution

A

He organized the nation for war, national draft law made every French man eligible to be drafted into the army

20
Q

Fate of Robespierre

A

Supporters of revolution began to question the constant need for executions➡️ Robespierre arrested, tried, convicted, and executed

21
Q

Marie Antoinette

A

Obsessed with fashion= spending lots of money while the citizens were struggling, lack of male heir

22
Q

Philosophes

A

Hobbes, Locke, Montequieu, Voltaire, Rousseau

23
Q

Hobbes

A

Wanted a dictatorship to create order in society (people naturally chaotic)

24
Q

Locke

A

Believed in a democracy, people born with blank slate (reasonable, cooperative)

25
Q

Montesquieu

A

Believed in a democracy with constitutional restrictions and BRANCHES (not everybody evil nor good)

26
Q

Rousseau

A

Complete equal democracy (total equality, with the right system everybody is equal) no class

27
Q

Voltaire

A

Freedom of speech and enlightened monarch

28
Q

Role of Robespierre

A

Most influential figure in French rev and reign of terror, advocating for a republic…. Then advocating for violence

29
Q

Nationalism

A
  • a feeling that people have of being loyal to and proud of their country; a desire by a large group of people (such as people who share the same culture, history, language, etc.) to form a separate and independent nation of their own
  • French people were proud of their accomplishments during& after rev., leading to nationalistic feelings that spread through Europe and all over the world
  • its lead to great accomplishments as well as hatred and war
30
Q

When revolution got bloody

A

July 14, 1789

history 10 (6 decks)

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