French Revolution

Question 1

What is the ancien regime?

Answer 1

The ancien regime is also known as the old order of how France ran before the revolution, which was the three estates.

Question 2

Why did the French Revolution begin?

Answer 2

Some enlightenment thinkers shared their ideas with France and showed how things need to change because their country was in debt and the ancien regime was unfair and unreasonable.

Question 3

When King Louis ordered the National Assembly to disperse, what did they do?

Answer 3

They refused, and instead they wrote a constitution.

Question 4

When the Estates General met, the third estate declared that they represented the Nation of France. What did they call themselves?

Answer 4

The National Assembly

Question 5

Which Paris prison was seen as a symbol of the ancien regime, and why?

Answer 5

The Bastille because it was where the king locked up prisoners, especially politely enemies. It symbolised everything the king and monarchy represented. Also because it was the place where the French Revolution broke out. A symbol of the royal power

Question 6

What date did the Sans Culottes Storm the Bastille?

Answer 6

14th July 1789

Question 7

Why did the Sans Culottes storm the Bastille?

Answer 7

To free the prisoners (7) and to get weapons.

Question 8

In 1789 the first meeting if the Estates General was called for the first time in ____ years.

Answer 8

200

Question 9

How did Nationalism help the French Revolution?

Answer 9

Because 95% of the French population wasn’t happy with the ancien regime so they stood up together for what they believed in to make a change. The common interest of the nation (majority) was to make their country better.

Question 10

When did the French Revolution occur?

Answer 10

In 1789 - 1799

Question 11

What were the Three Estates?

Answer 11

The Three Estates were the social order in France. (Also known as the Ancien Regime). Everyone belonged to one of the estates before the revolution.

Question 12

What/Who was in the First Estate?

Answer 12

The First Estate consisted of the clergy of the Roman Catholic Church, which owned much land but did not have to pay taxes.

Question 13

What/Who was in the Second Estate?

Answer 13

The Second Estate was the landowning aristocracy (nobles), who also paid no taxes. They were seen as the greedy class who contributed nothing and lived off the sweat of peasants.

Question 14

What/Who was in the Third Estate?

Answer 14

The remaining 95% of the French Population belonged to the Third Estate. It included the urban middle classes, workers and the peasants. Together they formed the biggest class but had no privileges and paid many kinds of taxes.

Question 15

What caused the French Revolution?

Answer 15

• Political Conflict: between the Monarchy and nobility over the change in the tax system which led to bankruptcy.
• The Enlightenment: an intellectual movement which emphasised reason and individualism rather than tradition spread.
• Social conflict: between the rising highest class and the middle class.
• Monarchy of Louis XVI and Marie Antoinette was weak and insufficient.
• American Revolution inspired.

Question 16

What was the outcome of the French Revolution?

Answer 16

France went from being a monarchy ruled by King Louis XVI to a republic ruled by its people.

Question 17

What are two similarities between a Monarchy and an Empire?

Answer 17

• One person is at the head/in charge. (Monarch or Emperor/Empress)
• They were both extremely powerful.

Question 18

What are two differences between a Monarchy and an Empire?

Answer 18

• A Monarchy is in charge over a single country whereas an Empire is multiple states or countries.
• To be at the head of an Empire you can be chosen, but to be at the head of a Monarchy it’s by divine right.

Question 19

Name three European Empires

Answer 19

• Holy Roman Empire
• Austria-Hungarian Empire
• British Empire

Question 20

Name two predominantly Asian Empires

Answer 20

• Turkish-Ottoman Empire

- Russian Empire

Question 21

Name two overseas territories, besides Australia, that Britain had

Answer 21

• India

- Some of North America

Question 22

Identify and explain two of the triggers of the French Revolution

Answer 22

• America was very successful in their revolution which inspires the French (Third Estate).
• The French (Third Estate) wanted to make France a better country( weren’t happy with the Ancien Regime), so they stood up for themselves.

Question 23

Why might Imperialism lead to colonisation?

Answer 23

Imperialism may lead to colonisation because lots of empires we’re expanding to different countries overseas, therefore creating colonies.

Question 24

Why was the French Revolution such an important historical event?

Answer 24

Because it made a big change in how the country ran in a more positive way and if it wasn’t for the French Revolution things wouldn’t be as good as they are now nor as socially equal.

Question 25

Who gained from the French Revolution?

Answer 25

The Bourgeoisie were the biggest winners. They became more important, influential and equal in the country. Also, in the long haul, everybody in France benefitted in a way because the country got out of bankruptcy.

Question 26

Who sent the country in bankruptcy?

Answer 26

The Monarchy of King Louis XVI

Question 27

How and Why did the American Revolution support the French Revolution?

Answer 27

They supported this because they wanted the British to fail because they were rivals and they supported this by sending over their troops.

Question 28

What was the March of Versailles by the Women?

Answer 28

The women in Paris hear of a rumour that Marie Antoinette was hoarding wheat in the palace (this made them angry because bread was scarce and expensive) of Versailles so they stormed the palace and demanded that Marie and Louis moved from Versailles into Paris.

Question 29

When did the Woman’s March of Versailles occur?

Answer 29

October 5th 1789

Question 30

Why was Marie Antoinette beheaded?

Answer 30

Louis XVI and was deposed and the monarchy was beheaded and after a two day trial against Marie Antoinette, she was convicted by the Revolutionary Tribunal for committing treason and was excepted by guillotine.

Question 31

When was Marie Antoinette beheaded?

Answer 31

14th October 1793

Question 32

When was Louis XVI and executed?

Answer 32

He was beheaded on the 21st of January 1793

Question 33

What were the results of the Revolution for the people of France?

Answer 33

• Nobles and Clergy lost privileges
• Middle class and peasants gained
• People wrote a constitution
• Declaration of the rights of man and citizen
• Church lands confiscated
• All citizens would answer to the same laws

Question 34

What is the day that the San Culottes stormed the Bastille marked as?

Answer 34

The beginning of the end of the old monarchy. It had become France’s Independence Day.

Question 35

Who are the Sans Culottes?

Answer 35

Revolutionists of the third estate. Commoners.

Question 36

What did the Declaration of the rights of Man and the Citizen declare? 1793

Answer 36

“Men are born and remain free and equal in rights”

Question 37

What was the terror?

Answer 37

The period in which tens of thousands of people were beheaded

Question 38

How did the revolution end?

Answer 38

A military commander, Napoleon Bonaparte, overthrew French directory and declared himself emperor

Question 39

The French flag was developed during the Revolution. What was it called? What did each colour represent?

Answer 39

It was called the French Tricolour. Blue was Liberty. White was Equality. Red was Fraternity.

Question 40

Why was France in debt?

Answer 40

They funded the American Revolution and King Louis was spending too much

Question 40

What started the terror?

Answer 40

The beheading of King Louis XVI