FRCR

Question 1

Miliary malignancy

Answer 1

Renal, thyroid

Question 2

Bronchiectasas

Answer 2

Post infective, inc TB, viral
Congenital - CF, defective mucous clearance - Kartageners
Bronchial obstruction e.g. tumour
Loss of surrounding lung tissue - traction bronchiectasis

Question 3

Reactivation TB

Answer 3

Can only be excluded if CXR findings are stable for 6 months

Question 4

Coarctation rib notching

Answer 4

4-8, occasionally 3-9

Question 5

Superior rib notching

Answer 5

Excessive bone resorption or defective bone formation

Connective tissue disease (RA), OI, local pressure (e.g. neural tumour NF), HPT

Question 6

Inferior rib notching

Answer 6

Enlarged collaterals. Also NF or HPT
Coarctation, Takayasu
Vena cava obstruction
Unilateral L almost always due to coarctation

Question 7

Pulmonary AVM

Answer 7

Complications: shunt, paradoxical embolus, high output failure
OWR
Also seen in hepatopulmonary syndrome, post cyanotic heart disease surgery,

Question 8

Osler-weber-rendu

Answer 8

Epistaxis, telangiectasia
Lungs, liver, mucous membranes, brain (also bowel
Autosomal dominant

Question 9

Up to case 7

Answer 9

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