France - Burgundy Flashcards
Describe the climate of Burgundy.
Northern Continental:
Hot Summers and Severe Winters
Cool Autumns - Frequent Rainfall at Harvest
What are the climatic concerns of Burgundy?
Spring Frost in Chablis
Grey Rot - Summer Rain
Summer Hail
What is the protective geographical barrier and where is it located?
The Massif Central is to the East of Burgundy and flows south to Beaujolais and N. Rhône Valley.
What are the predominant soil types in Burgundy?
Chardonnay - Clay/Limestone
Pinot Noir - Limy Marl/Limestone
What are the varietals allowed in Burgundy?
WHITE: Chardonnay (Beaunois in Yonne Dep.), Pinot Blanc, Pinot Gris (Beurot), Aligoté, Sacy, Sauvignon Blanc
RED: Pinot Noir, Gamay, César, Tressot
Which forest’s wood are used to make Burgundian barrels ?
Vosges
Nevers
Allier
What is the appellation for Aligoté, and in which district is it located?
Bouzeron - Côte Chalonnaise
How many Grand Crus are there in Chablis?
One
How many Chablis Grand Cru Vineyards are there?
Seven
Name the Chablis Grand Cru Vineyards.
Les Clos, Vaudésir, Valmur, Les Preuses, Bougros, Blanchot, and Grenouilles.
In which Département does Chablis lie?
Yonne
The Mâconnaise lies in which Département?
Saône-et-Loire
In which Département does Beaujolais lie?
Rhône
What is the soil of Chablis?
Limestone with Kimmeridgian Clay
What is special about Kimmeridgian Clay?
Rich in marine fossils, originally had to be on this soil to be labelled Chablis. Limestone and Clay base.
What is the main soil type of Petit Chablis?
Portlandian Clay
What system is used in many of the better vineyards to help prevent frost?
Aspersion Sprinkler Systems (Heaters/Helicopters are also used to disperse water pockets.
What are common descriptors for appellation Chablis?
Bone Dry/Austere High Acid Green fruit, Plum fruit Hazelnuts Oyster shells Lemon
How many 1er Cru designations are there in Chablis?
40
Is Chablis closer to the Aube in Champagne or closer to the Côte d’Or?
Chablis is closer to the Aube.
What is the river that runs through Chablis?
Serein
Which of the 1er cru designations are considered to be the best, and which bank are they found?
RIGHT: Montée de Tonnerre, Fourchaume
LEFT: Vaillons, Montmains
What are common characteristics of a 1er Cru Chablis?
Pronounced acidity, medium weight, lees character, and an intensely mineral, steely character. No new oak. Best need a bit of bottle age to show their best.
Where is the Chablis Grand Cru located?
One hillside, just to the north of the town.
What is the 8th and unofficial name also allowed on the Chablis Grand Cru label?
La Moutonne, a monopole of Domaine Long-Depaquit overlapping Vaudésir and Preuses—is permitted by the INAO for usage on labels but not listed as an official geographic designation.
What are the two other communal appellations in the Yonne Department?
Irancy (PN-based reds)
St. Bris (the only Sauvignon Blanc app. in Burgundy)
What is the varietal permitted in St. Bris?
Sauvignon Blanc
Where can Sauvignon Blanc be found in Burgundy?
St. Bris in the Yonne Department.
What is the full name of the Côte d’Or?
Côte d’Orient
Name the villages, from North to South, that lie within the Côtes de Nuits, and the number of grand crus associated with them.
Marsannay Fixin Gevrey-Chambertin (9) Morey-St-Denis (4) Chambolle-Musigny (2) Vougeot (1, and largest) Vosne-Romanée (6) Flagey-Echézeaux (2) Nuits-St-Georges
What is the climatic barrier to the East of the Côte d’Or?
Morvan Hills (a UNESCO National Heritage Site)
What is the main form of vine training in the Côte d’Or?
Guyot
What are the two divisions in the Côte d’Or?
Côte de Nuits and Côte de Beaune
What styles of wine are allowed in the Côte de Nuits Villages?
Red and White wine
How many villages are in the Hautes-Côtes de Nuits?
18
What styles of wine are allowed in the Hautes-Côtes de Nuits?
Red and White wine
Generally, how do the wines of Hautes-Côtes de Nuits differ from CdN?
Generally lighter and less concentrated.
When does harvest occur in Hautes-CdN in relation to the main Côte?
Usually about a week later than the main Côte.
Name the villages N to S in the Côte de Beaune.
Pernand-Vergelesses Ladoix Aloxe-Corton (Corton GC & Corton-Charlemagne) Savigny-les-Beaune Chorey-les-Beaune Beaune Pommard Volnay Monthélie Saint-Romain Auxey-Duresses Meursault Blagny Saint-Aubin Puligny-Montrachet (Le Montrachet GC) Chassagne Montrachet (Le Montrachet GC) Santenay
What are the Grand Crus of Aloxe-Corton?
Corton
Corton-Charlemagne
What is the Grand Cru shared between Puligny and Chassagne-Montrachet?
Le Montrachet
What are the three communes that have a stake in the GC status of Aloxe-Corton?
Aloxe-Corton (biggest share @ 120ha - 75% of App.)
Ladoix-Serigny
Pernand-Verglesses
Which villages in the Côte de Beaune cannot be included in the Village level App.?
Aloxe-Corton, Beaune, Pommard, and Volnay
What style of wine is allowed in Côte de Beaune Villages?
Red wine
What style of wine is allowed in Hautes-Côte de Beaune?
Red and White wine.
When does harvest occur in Hautes-CdB in relation to the main Côte?
Vintage is about one week later than the main Côte.
Where is the Sâone-et-Loire Département, and what quality of wine does it generally produce?
It is a continuation of the Côte d’Or in the gaps between villages with Wood and Pasture lands. Similar soils, identical grapes, but carries less prestige than Côte d’Or. Good quality for money.
What styles of wine are made in the Côte Chalonnaise?
Red and White wine
What are the four main ACs in the Côte Chalonnaise?
Rully
Mercurey
Givry
Montagny
What style of wine is allowed in Rully?
Red and White wines.
What is Rully an important center for?
Sparkling Wines
What is Mercurey well-known for?
Red Wine production has the highest reputation and can demand the highest price of the four appellations.
What is Givry known for?
Red wines are admired, and is the smallest of the villages in the Côte Chalonnaise.
What style of wine are allowed to be produced in Montagny?
White wine
What is the main soil type of the Mâconnais?
Limestone
What are the common characteristics of wine from the Mâconnais?
Fresh apple, fresh citrus, crisp acid, medium-full body. MLF sometimes used.
How many villages may add their name to Mâcon on the label? Which is considered to be the stand out?
27; Mâcon-Lugny
List the village AOPs of the Mâconnais.
Pouilly-Fuissé, Pouilly-Loché, Pouilly-Vinzelles, Saint-Véran, Viré Clessé.
What varietal is allowed in the village AOPs of the Mâconnais?
Chardonnay
Name the Limestone escarpments that mark the entry to the Mâconnais.
The Rocks of Solutré
Is Gamay resistant to rot?
Yes
How are most of the vines trained in Beaujolais?
En gobelet
Describe En Gobelet vine training.
Bush Training, but instead of leaving them to sprawl across the ground, the tips are tied together. This helps expose grapes/bunches to air and sunlight.
What is the predominant soil type in Beaujolais?
Granite
What is a predominant viniculture practice for Beaujolais?
Carbonic Maceration
Where are the Beaujolais crus located in relation to the villages appellation?
They are the most northern area of Beajolais.
What is the soil type of Beaujolais Villages?
Limestone-based with granite.
What is the soil type of the Beaujolais Crus?
Granite (on rolling hills)
Name the 10 Beaujolais Cru from North to South.
Saint Amour Juliénas Chénas Moulin-à-Vent (2nd to Morgon in power) Fleurie Chiroubles Morgon (Some of the most powerful expressions) Régnié Brouilly (largest production) Côte de Brouilly (largest production)
Name the River that runs along the Mâconnais and Beaujolais.
Sâone River
