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CWS glossary > France > Flashcards

France Flashcards

1
Q

Starting with Bordeaux moving roughly clockwise name the French wine regions

A 
Bordeaux 
Loire valley 
Champagne 
Alsace
Burgundy
Beaujolais
The Rhône valley 
Southern France
Southwest France
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2
Q

What mountain chain shields northeastern France , particularly Alsace from western storms and allows a warmer drier vineyard than others at the same latitude ?

A

Vosges Mountains

Voojuhz’

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3
Q

What is the most widely planted white grape in France ?

A

Ugni blanc (Trebbiano Toscano), used almost exclusively for making brandy (cognac and Armagnac)

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4
Q

Name the major white varieties of France (7)

A 
Ugni blanc
Chardonnay 
Sauvignon Blanc 
Melon de Bourgogne 
Sémillon
Chenin Blanc 
Muscat
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5
Q

What is the most widely planted grape variety in France ?

A

Merlot

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6
Q

What are the major red varieties in France (11)

A 
Merlot
Cabernet Sauvignon 
Cabernet franc 
Grenache 
Syrah 
Pinot noir 
Carignan 
Gamay 
Cinsault 
Meunier 
Mourvèdre
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7
Q

What are the three levels of geographic specificity from broad to most specific of vin de pays?

A

Regional
Departmental
Zone

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8
Q

Name the seven regional vin de pays categories

A 
Pays d’OC IGP 
Val de Loire IGP
Comtés Rhodaniens IGP
Méditerranée IGP
Comté Tolosan IGP
L’Atlantique IGP
Terres du Midi IGP
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9
Q

What is the top of the French wine classification pyramid

A

AOC appellation d’origine contrôlée
Name of controlled origin
Can also be called AC or AOP appellation d’origine protégée

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10
Q

What is the main city of the left bank?

A

Bordeaux

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11
Q

What is the main city of the right bank

A

Libourne

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12
Q

What body or bodies make up frances western border

A

The Atlantic Ocean bay of biscay

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13
Q

What body makes up frances northwestern border

A

The English Channel

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14
Q

What body or bodies make up frances northeastern border

A

Belgium
Luxembourg
Germany

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15
Q

What bodies make up frances eastern border

A

Switzerland

Italy

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16
Q

Leading red grapes of Bordeaux (6)

A 
Merlot 
Cabernet Sauvignon 
Cabernet franc 
Malbec
Petit Verdot 
Carmenère
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17
Q

Leading white grapes of Bordeaux (3)

A

Sémillon
Sauvignon Blanc
Muscadelle

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18
Q

What is crémant?

A

Less bubbly sparkling wine made by methode champenoise outside of champagne

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19
Q

What are the four satellites of St Émilion?

A

Lussac
Montagne
Puisseguin
St Georges

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20
Q

What are the 5 subzones of the côte de Bordeaux?

A 
Blaye 
Cadillac 
Castillon 
Francs
Sainte Foy
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21
Q

Name the four distinct wine regions of the Loire Valley

A

The Pays Nantais
Anjou-Saumur
Touraine
The upper Loire aka eastern Loire

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22
Q

Leading red grapes of the Loire valley (7)

A 
Cabernet Franc 
Gamay
Pinot Noir 
Cabernet Sauvignon 
Grolleau 
Pineau d’Aunis
Négrette
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23
Q

Leading white grapes of the Loire Valley (6)

A 
Melon de Bourgogne 
Chenin Blanc 
Sauvignon Blanc 
Chardonnay 
Folle Blanche 
Pinot Gris
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24
Q

What is the best known grape variety of the pay Nantais?

A

Melon de Bourgogne locally known as Muscadet

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25
Q

What grape is pouilly-fumé known for

A

100% Sauvignon Blanc

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26
Q

What grape is pouilly-fuissé known for

A

100% Chardonnay

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27
Q

Name the five main zones of champagne

A 
Montagne de Reims (muhn tanya)
Vallée de la Marne
Côte des Blancs 
Côte de Sézanne
Côte des Bar

North to south

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28
Q

Limestone rock soil formed by marine deposits known for excellent water retention, heat retention, and heat reflection

A

Kimmeridgian marl or soul

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29
Q

What are the main and allowed grape varieties in champagne

A

Main
Chardonnay
Pinot noir (red)
Meunier (Pinot Meunier) (red)

Allowed 
Pinot Blanc 
Pinot gris 
Petit Meslier 
Arbane
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30
Q

Marc in wine

A

In champagne, the traditional measurement for quantity of grapes allowed in the press, 4,000kg or 8800lbs

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31
Q

In champagne, how much juice is allowed to be extracted per Marc ?

A

25.5 hectoliters or 675 gallons

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32
Q

How is champagne juice categorized

A

Cuvée: the majority of juice 20.5 hectoliters from free run and first light pressings used for premium champagne

Taille: juice from the next set of pressings lower in sugar and acid used for demi-sec or extra dry sparkling wine, permitted volume 5 hectoliters

Rebêche (think rubbish), juice from a third pressing or leftovers , used for still wine , spirits or vinegar

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33
Q

How long must non vintage champagne spend maturing in the producers cellar ?

A

15 months with at least 12 months aging on the lees

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34
Q

French for vintage, used in champagne

A

Millésime

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35
Q

How long must vintage champagne spend aging in the producers cellar?

A

Minimum of 3 years with at least 12 months on the lees

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36
Q

What is remuage?

A

Riddling , rotating and tilting champagne bottles to get sediment to the neck for disgorgement eventually leaving champagne clear

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37
Q

Name the sweetness levels of champagne from driest to sweetest

A 
Brut nature or sans dosage (unsweetened)
Extra brut 
Brut 
Extra sec 
Sec 
Demi sec
Doux

Brut and sec both mean dry, the latter literally

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38
Q

3 names for top of the line champagne using the finest grapes and most careful production techniques

A

Prestige cuvée
Tête de cuvée
Cuvée spéciale

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39
Q

échelle des crus

A

Champagne village classification scheme ranking based on quality of the grapes, score of 100 is grand cru, 90-99 is premier cru

40
Q

Récoltant Manipulant

A

Initials RM on champagne bottle is a grower champagne who makes and sells own champagne

Champagne produced by the estate that owns vineyards where the grapes are grown

41
Q

What are the sparkling wine appellations of the champagne region ?

A

Only one

Champagne AOC

42
Q

Name the 2 AOCs for nonsparkling Wine in the champagne region

A

Rosé des Riceys AOC -still rose wine from Pinot noir

Coteaux Champenois AOC -still wines white, red or rosé

43
Q

Name the 3 appellations in Alsace

A

Alsace AOC
Alsace Grand Cru
Crémant d’Alsace AOC

44
Q

What grapes are Alsace grand cru vineyards permitted to use

A 
Only the “noble varieties”
Gewurtztraminer 
Muscat 
Pinot Gris 
Riesling
45
Q

What is the only red grape permitted in Alsace?

A

Pinot noir

46
Q

What grapes are approved in crémant d’Alsace (6)

A 
Pinot Blanc 
Pinot Gris 
Riesling 
Chardonnay 
Pinot noir 
Auxerrois (ohserwah’)
47
Q

White blends of Alsace are labelled

A

Edelzwicker

48
Q

White blends of Alsace with a minimum of 50% noble variety are labelled

A

Gentil

49
Q

An Alsace wine labelled Pinot or Pinot d’Alsace May contain what
Grapes (4)

A

Pinot Blanc
Pinot Gris
Pinot noir
Auxerrois

50
Q

Name 2 styles of Alsace dessert wines

A

Vendange tardive

Sélection de grains nobles

51
Q

What white grape is the leading in both Bordeaux and eastern Loire

A

Sauvignon blanc

52
Q

Melon de Bourgogne is grown primarily where

A

Western Loire Valley

53
Q

Where is sémillon primarily grown

A

Bordeaux

54
Q

What white grape is primarily grown in the Loire valleys Anjou saumur and touraine areas

A

Chenin Blanc

55
Q

What is the leading red grape of the Loire valley

A

Cabernet Franc

56
Q

What are of France is carignan typically grown in

A

It is a warm climate grape south of France and Corsica

57
Q

What are the 2 red grape varieties of champagne

A

Pinot noir and Pinot meunier

58
Q

Is Mourvèdre a red or white variety

A

A warm climate red variety grown in Rhône, languedoc roussillon Corsica and Provence

59
Q

What would be the lowest wine classification of all the grapes come from France

A

Vin de France

60
Q

What production restriction does vin de pays have

A

At least 85% of the grapes must come from within one of the vin de pays regions

61
Q

What area does the pays d’Oc igp cover

A

The western part of the French Mediterranean coast including landuedoc roussillon

62
Q

What area does the regional vin de pays , Val de Loire igp cover

A

Loire valley and Chablis

63
Q

What area does the regional vin de pays , comtés rhodaniens cover

A

The northern Rhône valley and Savoie

64
Q

What area does the regional vin de pays, méditerranée igp cover

A

Southeast France , Rhône valley and Provence

65
Q

What area does the regional vin de pays, comté tolosan igp cover

A

Southwest France

66
Q

What area does the regional vin de pays, L’Atlantique igp cover

A

Bordeaux, dordogne and charentais

67
Q

What area does the regional vin de pays, terres du midi igp cover

A

Some blended wines in languedoc roussillon

68
Q

What protective barrier tempers Bordeaux’s climate

A

The Landes Forest along the western coast

69
Q

What sub region of the entire deux mers AOC is approved for white wine only

A

Haut Benauge

70
Q

Which AOCs of the entre deux mers are approved for the production of sweet white wines

A

Loupiac
Sainte croix du mont
Cadillac

71
Q

What AOC s of the entre deux mers are also approved for red wine production

A

Graves de vayres

Sainte foy cotes de Bordeaux

72
Q

The subzones of the côtes de Bordeaux

A 
Francs 
Castillon
Blaye 
Sainte foy 
Cadillac
73
Q

What’s the only superior first growth sweet wine of the 1855 classification

A

Chateau d’Yquem

74
Q

What are the 4 chateaux premier cru of the 1855 classification

A

Haut brion
Lafite-Rothschild
Latour
Margaux

*None right bank *

75
Q

What is the only level of graves chateaux?

A

Cru classé

76
Q

What’s the only classification system of the right bank

A

St emilion grand cru classé

1- premier grand cru classé
2-grand cru classé

77
Q

What are the 4 category A premier grand cru classé of the st Emillion grand cru

A

Chateau angelus
Chateau ausone
Chateau cheval Blanc
Chateau pavie

78
Q

What is Chenin Blanc known as in the Loire valley

A

Pineau de la Loire

79
Q

What grape is vouvray

A

Chenin Blanc

80
Q

What is Cabernet franc known as in the Loire valley

A

Breton

81
Q

What is Malbec known as in the Loire valley

A

Côt

82
Q

What is the best known grape variety of the pays Nantais

A

Melon de Bourgogne

83
Q

What is melon de Bourgogne known as in the pays nantais

A

Muscadet

84
Q

What are the 5 main zones of champagne

A 
Montagne de reims 
Vallee de la Marne 
Côte des blancs 
Côte de sézanne 
Côte des bar
85
Q

What type of soil does côte des bar lie on top of

A

Kimmeridgian marl

86
Q

Where is kimmeridgian marl found

A

Champagne côte des bar
Loire valley
Burgundy

87
Q

What are the 3 main permitted grape varieties of champagne

A

Chardonnay
Pinot noir
Pinot meunier

88
Q

What are the 4 other allowed grape varieties of champagne

A

Pinot Blanc
Pinot Gris
Petit meslier
Arbane

89
Q

What are champagnes aging requirements, nonvintage and vintage

A

Nonvintage 15 months , 12 months on the lees

Vintage 36 months , 12 months in the lees

90
Q

Champagne levels from driest to sweetest

A 
Brut nature or sans dosage 
Extra brut 
Brut 
Extra sec 
Sec 
Demi-sec 
Doux
91
Q

What is the champagne village classification known as

A

Échelle des crus

Grand crus have échelle of 100

Premier cru villages have échelle of 90-99

92
Q

What are the 2 non sparkling wine appellations of the champagne region

A

Rosé des Riceys AOC

Coteaux Champenois AOC

93
Q

What 2 geographical features sandwich the Alsace region on the west and east

A

Vosges Mountains to the west

Rhine River to the east

94
Q

What are the 2 departments of the Alsace area

A

Bas-Rhin and the Haut-Rhin

95
Q

What are plots of land in burgundy called

A

Climats

96
Q

What region is muscat de nöel from?

A

Roussillon

97
Q

What region is the birthplace of French wine

A

Provence

CWS glossary (46 decks)

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