Fractures of the pelvis Flashcards
How much pelvic canal narrowing is a concern for obstipation?
45-50%
What is the most common neurologic injury following pelvic fracture?
Injury to the lumbosacral trunk (91% of injuries), with 6% being injuries to the sciatic nerve (the extrapelvic portion of the lumbosacral trunk)
What are the anatomic regions of the acetabulum?
Cranial, dorsal, caudal and central
What is the tension side of the ilium?
Ventral surface
What is acetabulum protrusion?
Medial luxation of the femoral head into the pelvic canal following acetabular fracture, typically due to central collapse of the acetabulum
How can additional exposure to the caudal acetabulum be achieved?
Tenotomy of the insertional tendons of the gemelli and internal obturator muscles
Is bilateral or unilateral disease more common with SI luxation?
Unilateral (77% of dogs, 82% of cats)
How far should a screw penetrate the sacrum in SI luxation?
60%
What is the typical area available for correct screw placement with SI luxation in a large dog?
1cm squared
Describe the landmarks for screw placement in the sacral wing for SI luxation repair.
Describe the landmarks for screw placement in the ilial wing for SI luxation repair.
What structure that serves as a useful landmark in sacral wing screw placement is not present in the cat?
Sacral wing notch
What is the optimal angle for sacral drilling for both dogs and cats?
Dogs: 100 degrees
Cats: 97 degrees
What can be used to confirm correct positioning during minimally invasive SI luxation repair?
Superposition of the lumbar transverse processes; the position of the contralateral iliac wing, if intact; the appearance of the L7-S1 disc space; and the sacral body
What are the two types of observed sacral fracture?
Abaxial: fractures lateral to the sacral foramina as well as fractures of the spinous processes.
Axial: fractures medial to the sacral foramina or ventral to the spinous processes. More likely to involve the spinal canal and be involved with severe neurologic deficits
