Foundations: Chemistry & Chemical Safety Study Guide

Question 1

Section: Identify the Basics of Chemical Structure

______ is the science that deals with the composition, structures, and properties of matter and how matter changes under different conditions.

Answer 1

The answer is:

Chemistry

Question 2

Section: Identify the Basics of Chemical Structure

______ is any substance that occupies space and has mass (weight).

Answer 2

The answer is:

Matter

Question 3

Section: Identify the Basics of Chemical Structure

All matter has _____ and _____ properties and exists in the form of a _____, ______, or _____.

Answer 3

The answer is:

Physical and Chemical
Solid, liquid or gas

Question 4

Section: Identify the Basics of Chemical Structure

Everything made out of matter is ______.

Answer 4

The answer is:

Chemical

Question 5

Section: Identify the Basics of Chemical Structure

True or false?
Energy is not matter

Answer 5

The answer is:

True
Unlike matter, energy does not occupy space or have mass.

Question 6

Section: Identify the Basics of Chemical Structure

A(n) _______ is the simplest form of chemical matter and contains only one type of atom. It cannot be broken down into a simpler substance without loss of identity.

Answer 6

The answer is:

Element

Question 7

Section: Identify the Basics of Chemical Structure

There are ______ elements known to science today.

Answer 7

The answer is:

118

Question 8

Section: Identify the Basics of Chemical Structure

____ elements occur naturally on Earth.

Answer 8

The answer is:

98

Question 9

Section: Identify the Basics of Chemical Structure

_____ are the basic unit of matter, with a nucleus at the center surrounded by negatively charged electrons that move around the nucleus in orbits.

Answer 9

The answer is:

Atoms

Question 10

Section: Identify the Basics of Chemical Structure

The nucleus consists of _____ (subatomic particles with a positive charge) and _______ (subatomic particles with no charge).

Answer 10

The answer is:

Protons
Neutrons

Question 11

Section: Identify the Basics of Chemical Structure

Molecules are made by combining _____.

Answer 11

The answer is:

Atoms

Question 12

Section: Identify the Basics of Chemical Structure

A _______ is a chemical combination of two or more atoms in definite (mixed) proportions.

Answer 12

The answer is:

Molecule

Question 13

Section: Identify the Basics of Chemical Structure

Water is made from ______ atoms and _____ atoms.

Answer 13

The answer is:

Hydrogen atoms
Oxygen atoms

Question 14

Section: Identify the Basics of Chemical Structure

Carbon dioxide is made from ____ atoms and _____ atoms.

Answer 14

The answer is:

Carbon atoms
Oxygen atoms

Question 15

Section: Identify the Basics of Chemical Structure

________ is a molecule containing two or more atoms of the same element in definite (fixed) proportions.

Answer 15

The answer is:

Elemental molecule

Question 16

Section: Identify the Basics of Chemical Structure

________, known as compounds, are chemical combinations of two or more atoms of different elements in definite (mixed) proportions.

Answer 16

The answer is:

Compound molecule

Question 17

Section: Physical and Chemical Properties of Matter

A ______ change is a change in the form of physical properties of a substance, without a chemical reaction or the creation of a new substance.

Answer 17

The answer is:

Physical change

Question 18

Section: Physical and Chemical Properties of Matter

No ____ reactions are involved in physical change and no new ____ are formed.

Answer 18

The answer is:

Chemical/chemicals

Question 19

Section: Physical and Chemical Properties of Matter

Solid ice undergoes a ____ change when it melts into water and then converts into steam when heat is applied.

Answer 19

The answer is:

Physical change

Question 20

Section: Physical and Chemical Properties of Matter

A _____ change occurs when nail polish is applied onto nails and the solvent evaporates, forming a layer or film on the nail.

Answer 20

The answer is:

Physical change

Question 21

Section: Physical and Chemical Properties of Matter

A _____ change is in the chemical composition or makeup of a substance.

Answer 21

The answer is:

Chemical change