Fotion & de Wijze

Question 1

what does Fotion say about proportionality in war

Answer 1

states that immediate and long-term consequences are relevant. so we should consider immediate consequences and how the operation may help the war effort

Question 2

what are the flaws of Fotion’s view on proportionality.

Answer 2

sets no clear boundaries - which should be favoured more. most strategic efforts can be said to end a war more quickly. vague parameters subject to abuse

Question 3

what are the effects of weapons of mass destruction

Answer 3

infrastructural damage e.g. water, roads. mass displacement. pyschological damage. civilian casualties.

Question 4

de wijze study

Answer 4

study on how many civilian casualties is justified. people avoided extremes but results = extremely broad. = we cannot be too prescriptive about proportionality. solution = proposes we impose a virtuous commitment on soldiers.

Question 5

what are the pros and cons of teaching soldiers ethics

Answer 5

takes time & effort. can you teach someone ethics or only teach them about ethical values. army does rely on honour. it is possible to have an enemy and still have values.