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Physics Paper 1 > Fossil Fuels and Renewable Resources + Global Warming > Flashcards

Fossil Fuels and Renewable Resources + Global Warming Flashcards

1
Q

What are the 3 types of Fossil Fuels?

A
  1. Coal
  2. Oil
  3. Gas
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2
Q

What are advantages of the use of Fossil Fuels?

A
  1. They produce a lot of energy per kg of fuel

2. They are good for basic demand

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3
Q

What are the disadvantages of the use of Fossil Fuels?

A
  1. They will eventually run out

2. They release alot of green house gases

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4
Q

What are Biofuels?

A

A biofuel is a fuel taken from living or recently living organisms. Biofuels can be burnt instead of fossil fuels to release energy

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5
Q

What are the 2 types of Biofuel?

A
  1. Methane Gas

2. Plant Material

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6
Q

What are the advantages of Biofuels?

A
  1. Can be used in vehicles
  2. Carbon Neutral
  3. Renewable
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7
Q

What are the disadvantages of Biofuels?

A
  1. Uses farm land
  2. Lower energy output than other fuels like fossil fuels
  3. Using crops for fuel rather than food
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8
Q

What is Nuclear Fuel?

A

Nuclear Fuel uses the energy released from unstable atoms (isotopes) when they split. This process is called Nuclear Fission.

(E.g. Uranium or Platonium)

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9
Q

What are the advantages of Nuclear Fuel / Power?

A
  1. Reliable generation of electricity
  2. No CO² or SO² produced
  3. Good to meet basic demand
  4. Lots of energy per kg of fuel
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10
Q

What are the disadvantages of Nuclear Fuel / Energy?

A
  1. Radioactive waste materials are dangerous
  2. Radioactive waste products need to be disposed of
  3. Expensive to build / decomision a nuclear power station
  4. Non-renewable resource (E.g. Uranium)
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11
Q

What is Wind Power?

A

Wind Power is Power produced by massive blades spun around by the wind which is connected to a generator, producing energy.

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12
Q

What are the advantages of Wind Power?

A
  1. Wind is free
  2. No pollutants produced
  3. Some think they add to the landscape
  4. Can be used in remote locations
  5. Land beneath the turbine can still be used (E.g. Farming)
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13
Q

What are the disadvantages of Wind Power?

A
  1. It can be unreliable (Wind speed varies)
  2. No wind, No electricity
  3. Noisy
  4. Some people dislike how they look
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14
Q

What is Hydroelectric Power?

A

Hydroelectric Power is falling water being used to turn a turbine which is connected to a generator, producing electricity.

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15
Q

What are the advantages of Hydroelectric Power?

A
  1. Long life time
  2. Very reliable
  3. Quick start up time
  4. Low running costs
  5. Renewable Resource
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16
Q

What are the disadvantages of Hydroelectric Power?

A
  1. Destroys habitats
  2. Requires hilly areas
  3. Expensive to build
17
Q

What is Wave Power?

A

Wave Power is when the tide pushes air through a turbine which is connected to a generator, producing energy.

18
Q

What is the advantages of Wave Power?

A
  1. Renewable

2. No pollution

19
Q

What are the disadvantages of Wave Power?

A
  1. Needs alot of machines to get a reasonable amount of energy
  2. The machines can be damaged by storms
  3. The machines can cause visable pollution
20
Q

What is Tidal Power?

A

Tidal Power uses the flow of tides to generate electricity by spinning a turbine when the tide comes in and out which is connected to a generator, producing energy.

21
Q

What are the advantages of Tidal Power?

A
  1. Low running costs
  2. Reliable power source
  3. Renewable
  4. No pollution
  5. High power output
22
Q

What are the disadvantages of Tidal Power?

A
  1. Can destroy habitats
  2. Tidal range varies
  3. Expensive to build
23
Q

What is Geothermal Energy?

A

Geothermal Energy is when water is pushed down into the earth where it is heated by radioactive elements which turns the water into steam. This spins a turbine which is connected to a generator, producing energy

24
Q

What are the advantages of Geothermal Energy?

A
  1. 24 hour productio
  2. Reliable Power source
  3. No fuel required
  4. Long life time
  5. Renewable
  6. No pollution
25
Q

What are the disadvantages of Geothermal Energy?

A
  1. Expensive to build
  2. Only suitable in some places
  3. Cannot provide all power needs
26
Q

What is Solar Power?

A

Solar Power is when Solar Cells turn light energy from the sun directly into direct current electricity.

27
Q

What are the advantages of Solar Power?

A
  1. No pollution
  2. Energy is free
  3. Very good for remote locations
  4. No power lines
  5. Renewable
28
Q

What are the disadvantages of Solar Power.

A
  1. Very expensive to build
  2. Highly toxic materials
  3. Only work when it is sunny
  4. Low power output
  5. Low efficiency
  6. Manufacturing is polluting
29
Q

What is Global Warming?

A

Global Warming is where infrared radiation becomes stuck in the Earth’s atmosphere and heats up the earth. This is because CO² and other gases from fossil fuels rrap the infrared radiation, stopping it from leaving Earth’s atmosphere.

30
Q

What is Carbon Capture Storage (CCS)?

A

Carbon Capture Storage (CCS) is the process of capturing waste CO². The CO² is deposited somewhere, where it wont be released into the atmosphere. The aim is to prevent the release of large quantities of CO² into the armosphere.

31
Q

What is Energy Demand?

A

How much electricity is needed by the population of a country which can vary depending upon the time of day and time of year.

32
Q

Put (Coal, Gas , Oil) in order of increasing greenhouse emissions…

A
  1. Coal
  2. Oil
  3. Gas

1 - 3
Most - Least

33
Q

Which 2 energy sources are used to meet basic demand and which 2 enedgy sources are used to meet peaks / extra demand?

A

(Nuclear + Coal) are used to meet basic demand

Longest start-up times

(Oil and Natural Gas) are used to meet extra demand

Shortest start-up times

34
Q

Other than (Coal, Oil, Gas and Nuclear) how can we meet energy demands?

A
  1. A pumped storage scheme

2. Renewable resources (suitable weather conditions)

Physics Paper 1 (10 decks)

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