Fortified and Sweet Wine

Question 1

What is fortified wine?

Answer 1

Base wines to white high-proof grape brandy is added to increase alcohol to 15-22%

Question 2

What is the purpose of fortifying wine?

Answer 2

Adds body and increases the wine’s ability to age

Question 3

What does “fortified before fermentation” mean?

Answer 3

No alcohol is created from the fermentation of the base wine

Question 4

What does “fortified during fermentation” mean?

Answer 4

Adding alcohol during fermentation stops the action of yeast, retaining residual sugar in the wine

Question 5

What does “fortified after fermentation” mean?

Answer 5

Boosts alcohol levels; most often a dry wine

Question 6

Location and climate of Sherry-Jerez-Xeres)

Answer 6

Located in Andalusia on Atlantic Coast of Spain near the tip of North Africa

Hot and windy climate, maritime influence from the Atlantic

Question 7

Soil of Sherry

Answer 7

Albariza*–white, chalky clay

Barros–brown clay

Arenas–Sand

Question 8

Grapes of Sherry

Answer 8

Palomino (95%)
Pedro Ximenez (PX)
Moscatel

Question 9

What is flor?

Answer 9

Yeast (saccharomyces) that grows on surface of maturing wine that protects it from oxidation and spoilage

Question 10

What is the solera system?

Answer 10

Solera are the bottom row of barrels of sherry, taken from to bottle first
1st Criadera above Solera
2nd Criadera above 1st
Anada are the top barrels with the newest wine

Question 11

What is running of the scales?

Answer 11

The fractional blending process (Solera System), 1/3 of the barrel maximum removed

Question 12

Location, climate, and soil of Madeira

Answer 12

Island in Atlantic off coast of Morocco, 625 miles from mainland Portugal

Subtropical climate