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GCSE CCEA Chemistry unit 1 > Formula and Equations > Flashcards

Formula and Equations Flashcards

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1
Q

Compound

A

Substance formed when two or more different elements are chemically combined

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2
Q

How can you tell a compound contains two elements?

A

It ends with -ide

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3
Q

How can you tell a compound contains oxygen?

A

It ends with -ate

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4
Q

What can be found using the valency?

A

The ratio for any two atoms reacting and forming a compound

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5
Q

What is the valency of group I?

A

1

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6
Q

What is the valency of group II?

A

2

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7
Q

What is the valency of group III?

A

3

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8
Q

What is the valency of group IV?

A

4

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9
Q

What is the valency of group V?

A

3

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10
Q

What is the valency of group VI?

A

2

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11
Q

What is the valency of group VII?

A

1

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12
Q

What is the valency of group 0/8?

A

0

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13
Q

How do you find the valency of transition metals?

A

Look at data leaflet - back of periodic table

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14
Q

What is valency?

A
  • valency is the combining power of an element
  • elements in the same group of the periodic table have the same valency
  • the valency of an element is related to how many electrons are in the outer shell
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15
Q

What is a simple compound?

A

Compound containing only two elements

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16
Q

How do you write the formulae of compounds?

A
  • write the symbols
  • write the valencies in pencil beside the symbols
  • swap the valencies
  • find the simplest ratio
17
Q

What are molecular ions?

A
  • charged particles containing more than one atom
  • compounds containing groups of atoms
18
Q

What are compounds containing three or more elements

A
  • groups of atoms - back of periodic table
  • e.g copper sulfate - made up of copper, sulfur and oxygen - sulfate group
19
Q

Where are lists of common groups of atoms found?

A

On the data leaflet

20
Q

How is the valency found in groups of atoms?

A

The valency is equal to the charge on the ion
e.g sulfate group - formula SO4 and valency of 2 - written as SO4 2- on data leaflet

21
Q

Why are brackets used in compounds?

A

If the compound contains two or more of a particular group then brackets must be used

22
Q

pieces of information in a balanced symbol equation

A
  • formulae of reactants and products
  • amount or number of particles of each chemical reacting or products forming
23
Q

reactant

A

Chemical at start

24
Q

products

A

Particles at end of experiment

25
Q

How is an equation balanced?

A

step one: from known word equation write down formula of reactants and products

step two: count atoms on both sides of equation

step three: if number of each type of atom on either side is not the same - balancing the equation is necessary

step four: put big numbers before of formula which contains atoms that do not balance - never change small numbers in formula

step five: keep balancing until atoms on each side of equation are the same

26
Q

Why do we balance equations in pencil?

A

You often have to change numbers put in first

27
Q

Diatomic molecules

A
  • diatomic - two atoms covalently bonded in molecule
  • molecule - particle that consists of two or more covalently bonded atoms
28
Q

Molecule

A

particle that consists of two or more covalently bonded atoms

29
Q

HCl

A

Hydrochloric acid

30
Q

Nitric acid

A

HNO3

31
Q

Sulfuric acid

A

H2 SO4

32
Q

relative atomic mass (Ar / RAM)

A
  • term used for elements
  • Ar = mass number (use periodic table)
33
Q

relative formula mass (Mr / RFM)

A
  • sometimes referred to as relative molecular mass (RMM)
  • used for compounds
  • sum of the relative atomic mass of each atom in one molecule of a compound
34
Q

Aqueous

A

Dissolved in water

35
Q

What is the valency of an element related to?

A

the valency of an element is related to how many electrons are in the outer shell

GCSE CCEA Chemistry unit 1 (8 decks)

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