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GCSE CCEA Chemistry unit 1 > 🧪Acids, Bases and Salts🧪 > Flashcards

🧪Acids, Bases and Salts🧪 Flashcards

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1
Q

Red litmus paper colour in acid

A

Red 🔴

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2
Q

Red litmus paper colour in neutral

A

Red 🔴

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3
Q

Explosive

A

A substance likely to explode

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4
Q

Toxic

A
  • substances which can cause death
  • may cause problems when swallowed, inhaled or absorbed through skin
  • e.g sulfur chlorine
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5
Q

Caution

A

Similar to toxic substances not as harmful

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6
Q

Corrosive

A

Substances which attack and destroy living tissue

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7
Q

Flammable

A

Substances which can light on fire easily

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8
Q

Red litmus paper colour in alkali

A

Blue 🔵

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9
Q

blue litmus paper in acid

A

Red 🔴

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10
Q

Blue litmus paper in neutral

A

Blue 🔵

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11
Q

Blue litmus paper in alkali

A

Blue 🔵

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12
Q

Phenolphthalein colour in acid

A

Colourless 🥽

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13
Q

Phenolphthalein colour in neutral

A

Colourless 🥽

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14
Q

Phenolphthalein colour in alkali

A

Pink 💖

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15
Q

Methyl orange colour in acid

A

Red 🔴

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16
Q

Methyl orange colour in neutral

A

Orange 🍊

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17
Q

Methyl orange colour in alkali

A

Yellow 🍋

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18
Q

What do indicators tell us?

A

If a substance is an acid or an alkali

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19
Q

What do indicators not show?

A

The strength of an alkali or acid

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20
Q

What is universal indicator solution?

A

A mixture of several indicators

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21
Q

What will universal indicator do according to the strength of an acid or alkali?

A

Change through variety of colours

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22
Q

Two methods of testing for pH

A
  • Universal indicator
  • pH meter
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23
Q

How to use universal indicator

A

Dip into solution, observe colour and compare with pH chart

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24
Q

How to use pH meter

A

Place into solution and record digital reading to at least 1 d.p

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25
Q

What can pH meters do that universal indicator can’t?

A

Accurately measure the pH of strong or weak acids and alkalis

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26
Q

Acid

A

Dissolve in water to produce hydrogen ions H+(aq)

27
Q

Hydrogen ions

A

H+(aq)

28
Q

Sulfuric acid

A

H2SO4

29
Q

Hydrochloric acid

A

HCl

30
Q

Nitric acid

A

HNO3

31
Q

Base

A

A substance that reacts with an acid to produce a salt and water

32
Q

e.g of a base

A
  • Metal oxides
  • metal hydroxide
33
Q

Acid + base produces?

A

Salt + water

34
Q

Alkali

A
  • soluble base
  • dissolves in water to produce hydroxide ions OH-(aq)
35
Q

hydroxide ions

A

OH-(aq)

36
Q

Acid + alkali produces?

A

Salt + water

37
Q

What does the strength of an acid depend on?

A

The number of hydrogen ions dissolved in water

38
Q

What is a strong acid in water?

A

Completely ionised

39
Q

Ionised

A

Breaks up completely into ions

40
Q

A weak acid in water

A
  • only partially ionised
  • Only small fraction break into ions
41
Q

Strength of alkali

A

Depends on number of hydroxide ions dissolved in water

42
Q

Strong alkali in water

A

Completely ionised in water, breaks up completely into ions

43
Q

Breaks up completely into ions result

A

High concentration of OH- ions

44
Q

Weak alkali in water

A

Partially ionised, only small fraction break into ions

45
Q

Concentrated solution

A

Large number of particles dissolved per unit volume

46
Q

Dilute solution

A

Small number of particles dissolved per unit, volume (more water particles brackets)

47
Q

Difference between dilute/concentrated and strong/weak

A
  • degree of ionisation in water
  • amount dissolved in water
48
Q

Neutralisation

A

Neutralisation is the reaction between an acid and an alkali producing a salt and water.

ACID + ALKALI -> SALT + WATER

49
Q

ACID 🔴 + ALKALI 🟣 -> ?

A

SALT 🧂 + WATER 💧

50
Q

Hydrogen ions + hydroxide ions -> ?

A

Water

51
Q

Salt

A

Compound formed when some or all of the hydrogen ions in an acid are replaced by metal ions or ammonium ions

52
Q

Acid + metal -> ?

A

Salt 🧂 + hydrogen

53
Q

What can un reactive metals not do?

A

React with acids

54
Q

Test for hydrogen

A

“Pop”

55
Q

Acid + base -> ?

A

Salt 🧂 + water 💧

56
Q

Acid + metal carbonate -> ?

A

Salt 🧂 + CO2 + H2O 💧

57
Q

Limewater

A

Calcium hydroxide solution

58
Q

What is limewater the test for?

A

CO2

59
Q

Acid + alkali -> ?

A

Salt 🧂 + water 💧

60
Q

Acid + ammonia -> ?

A

Ammonium salt 🧂

61
Q

Calorimeter 🌡️

A

Measures temperature change during neutralisation reaction 🌡️ ⬆️⬇️

62
Q

Neutralisation characteristics

A
  • exothermic ⬅️🌡️➡️
  • temperature of surroundings rises 🌡️⬆️
63
Q

CO2 + limewater -> ?

A

Colourless💧 -> milky 🥛

GCSE CCEA Chemistry unit 1 (8 decks)

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