Forms of Matter: Gases

Question 1

What are the properties of Gases

Answer 1

1. Gases are compressible
   2.Gases expand as temperature is increased
   3.Gases have very low viscosity
2. Gases have much lower densities then solids or liquids
3. Gases are miscible

Question 2

Explain the property “Gases are compressible”

Answer 2

The volume of a gas decreases dramatically when pressure is exerted on the gas because molecules are spaced further apart then liquids

Question 3

Explain the property “ Gases expand as temperature is increased”

Answer 3

Only when pressure remains constant, and that is because molecules are moving faster and have more kinetic energy

Question 4

Explain the property “ Gases have very low viscosity”

Answer 4

They have low resitant to flow

Question 5

Explain the property “ Gases have much more lower densities then solids or liquids”

Answer 5

There is more space between particles.

Question 6

Explain the peroperty “Gases are miscible”

Answer 6

They mix completely and evenly with eachother when put in the same container

Question 7

What is the kinetic molecular theory(KMT)

Answer 7

It is a theory that provides a scientific moedel for explaining the behavior of gases

Question 8

What is an ideal gase

Answer 8

A hypothetical gas that obeys all gas laws perfectly under all conditions

Question 9

What is a real gas

Answer 9

real gases deviate from ideal gases under certain coniditons

Question 10

One difference between ideal gases and real gases

Answer 10

Ideal gas molecules are very far apart, so the molecules sizes are negligible.
Real gases(under high pressures) the molecules are close together so their sizes are significant.

Question 11

Another difference between ideal gases and real gases

Answer 11

Ideal gases are in constant straight line motion because no force exists between them. Realgases(as temperature decreases) molecules slow down, then at some point intermolecular attractions cause molecules to stick together then it turns into liquid.

Question 12

Aother difference between ideal and real gases

Answer 12

Ideal gase molecules undergo perfect elastic collisions i which no energy is lost and the rebound happens quickly. During collision real gas molecules shape changes and rebound happens slower.(meaning pressure is less then ideal(

Question 13

What is gas pressure

Answer 13

gas pressure is a measure of the force exerted by moving gas molecules per unit area.

Question 14

What is atomispheric pressure

Answer 14

It is the force per unit are exrted by air on all objects

Question 15

State the conversion units

Answer 15

760mmHg=1atm=101.325kPa

Question 16

What is temperature

Answer 16

temperature is a measure of the normal amount of kinetic energy or particles. (the more the kinetic energy particles have the higher the temperature)

Question 17

What is absolute zero

Answer 17

Lowest possible temperature (0K, -273.15 degrees celcius)(theoretically this is the state in which all movement of kinetic energy is at zero)

Question 18

How do you go from celcius to Kelvin

Answer 18

Add 273.15 to celcius

Question 19

How do you go from Kelvin to celcius

Answer 19

Subtract 273.15 from kelvin

Question 20

What is STP

Answer 20

Standar temperature and pressure
Pressure-100kPa
temperature-273.15K(0 degreese celcius)

Question 21

What is SATP

Answer 21

Staandard ambient temperature and pressure
Pressure-100kPa
temperature-298.15K(25 degrees celcius)

Question 22

What is Gay-Lussac’s law of combining volumes

Answer 22

it is a law that states when measured at the same temperature and pressure, the volumes of gas reactants and profucts of chemical reactions are always in simpler ratios of whole numbers

Question 23

What is Boyles Law?

Answer 23

Boyles law is a law that states that as the pressure on a gas increases the volume of the gas decreases proportionally, provided that temperature and ehcmical amiunt stay constant.

Question 24

Explain boyles law

Answer 24

Increasing pressure causes volume to be smaller meaning molecules are closer together, and when they are closer together there is more frequent collisions between molecules increasing the pressure.(vice versa) less pressure– molecules further apart, volume increasing.

Question 25

WHat relationship do pressure and volume have

Answer 25

Inverse relationship

Question 26

What is the formula for boyles law

Answer 26

P(initial)V(initial)=P(final)V(final)

Question 27

What is charles law

Answer 27

Charles law states that as the temperature increases the volume increases proportionally, provided that the pressure and chemical amount remain constant

Question 28

What is the formula for charles law

Answer 28

V(initial)/T(initial)=V(final)/T(final)

Question 29

What type of relationship do volume and temperature have

Answer 29

They have a directly proportional relationship

Question 30

Avagadros law

Answer 30

According to avagadros law equal volumes of gasses at the same temperature and pressure contain equal numbers of moles, when avagadros number equals to 6.0x10^23mol

Question 31

What type of relationship do temperature and pressure have

Answer 31

they have a direct relationship

Question 32

SATP molar volume-

Answer 32

24.8L/mol

Question 33

STP molar volume

Answer 33

22.7L/mol

Question 34

What does comined gas law states

Answer 34

The combined gas law states that the product of the pressure and volume of a gas is proportional to its absolute temperature when the chemical amount remains constant.

Question 35

What is the ideal gas law

Answer 35

describes the interrelationship of pressure, temperature, volume and chemical amount of matter.

Question 36

equation for ideal gas law

Answer 36

PV=nRT
(v=L not any other unit)
(T= always in kelvin)