Acids and ases first quiz Flashcards
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What is empirical ?
Empirical refers to knowledge or information that is based on observable and measurable evidence.
What is theoretical?
Based on ideas or concepts that explain something.
It’s more about thinking and understanding how things work, even if you can’t see them directly.
What does matter break down into?
Pure substances and mixtures
What do both pure substances and mixtures break down into?
Pure substances break down into compounds and elements.
Mixtures break down into homogenous and heterogenous mixtures.
What is a solution empirically and theoretically?
Empirically, a solution is homogeneous because its properties are consistent throughout. Theoretically, it is uniform at the atomic and molecular levels.
What is the normal prerequisite for chemical change?
dissolving substances
What is a matter?
anything that has mass and occupies space
What is uniform in science?
In science, when something is described as uniform, it means that its properties, appearance, or composition are identical throughout.
What is a pure substance?
Made up of one thing only
What is a compound?
substance made up of 2 or more elements
What is an element?
Substance made up of only one type of atom
What is a mixture
combination of 2 or more substances
What is a homogenous mixture
A homogeneous mixture is one where the components are evenly distributed, so it looks the same throughout.
What is a heterogenous mixture
A heterogeneous mixture has unevenly distributed components, so you can often see the different parts.
What is the definition of “dissolving”
A process in which
Dissolving is the process where a substance (the solute) breaks down and mixes evenly into another substance (the solvent) to form a solution.
What is dissociation
Dissociation is the process where a compound breaks apart into smaller particles, such as ions or molecules, when it dissolves in a solvent.
WHat is ionization
the process by which an electrically charged neutral atom or molecule is converted to an ion, from the loss or gain of electrons
H20 molecules gradually surrounding ions
Hydration
The seperation of ions from each other
Dissociation
The surrounding of solute particles by solvent
solvation
How do you know a compound is electrolytic
If their aqueous solutions conduct electricity
Why do molecular compounds not conduct electricity
becuase there isnt a presence of ionic bonds to conduct electricity
What is the process of dissolving
- bonds between the particles in the solute break(endothermic)
- Intermolecular foces between particles in the solvent also break(endothermic)
- The attraction between the particles of a solute and the particles of solvent result in the formation of chemical bons(exothermic)
What is an endothermic process
If more energy is absorbed to break the bonds then amount of energy releases when the bonds are formed, the change is endothermic.
What is an exothermic process
If more energy is released when the solute solvent bonds form than is required to dissolve the solvent then the overall process is exothermic
Solubility
Ability to dissolve
What is a saturated
Saturated is a state in which a solution contains the maximum amount of solute that can dissolve. After this point, any additional solute will not dissolve and will remain as a solid in the solution.
What is unsaturated
Unsaturated refers to a solution that has less solute than the maximum amount that can be dissolved. In this state, more solute can still dissolve without any of it remaining undissolved.
In what conditions are gases highly soluble at normally
at high pressures and low temperatures
In what condtions are solids highly soluble at normally
at high temperatures
In what conditions are liquids highly soluble at normally
at high temperature
solubility equilibrium
established by adding a solute to a solvent
