Forms of Life Non-Invasive Life Support & Oxygen Therapy

Question 1

Respiratory Failure

Answer 1

Exchange of gases (oxygen and CO2) is inadequate to meet the patient’s metabolic needs
OR
the level of oxygen in blood is dangerously low
OR
the level of CO2 is dangerously high

Question 2

Hypoxemia

Answer 2

Low concentration of oxygen in blood

• SpO2 < 90%
• PaO2 < 60 mmHg

Question 3

Hypercapnia

Answer 3

O2 retention; abnormally elevated CO2 in blood

Question 4

Causes of Respiratory Failure

Answer 4

• Conditions that affect the nerves and muscles that control breathing
• Damage to tissues around the lungs
• Drug or alcohol overdose
• Lung diseases and conditions
• Acute lung injuries

Question 5

indication for Supplemental Oxygen

Answer 5

Hypoxemia

Question 6

precautions with supplemental oxygen

Answer 6

• O2 toxicity
• Elimination of hypoxic respiratory drive

Question 7

FiO2 stand for

Answer 7

Fraction of inspired oxygen

Question 8

room air FiO2

Answer 8

21% FiO2

Question 9

oxygen-enriched air used for what pt

Answer 9

Patients with difficulty breathing

Question 10

Variable performance in different delivery of supplemental oxygen due to

Answer 10

• Level of closure of the system
• Low flow vs high flow delivery
• Direct vs indirect line of flow

Question 11

Low Flow system

Answer 11

Deliver oxygen at flow rates below the patient’s inspiratory flow rate, entrain room air and provide a variable FiO2

Question 12

Low Flow system examples

Answer 12

• Nasal cannula
• Simple face mask

Question 13

High flow system

Answer 13

Delivery of oxygen at flow rates that exceeds the patient’s peak inspiratory flow, and provide more standard FiO2

Question 14

high Flow system examples

Answer 14

• High Flow Nasal Cannula
• Aerosol mask
• Venturi mask
• Nonrebreather mask
• CPAP
• BiPAP
• Mechanical ventilation​(invasive)

Question 15

Nasal Cannula used for what kind of flow rate

Answer 15

oxygen flow rate between 1 and 6 L for adults

Question 16

accuracy of FIO2 given by nasal cannula

Answer 16

Accurate FIO2 cannot be delivered

Question 17

High flow nasal cannula

Answer 17

• high flows and higher % of inspired
  oxygen > 6 L/min
• More accurate FiO2

Question 18

Nasal Cannula prongs point in what direction

Answer 18

point down and inward

Skin can become irritated with long term use

Question 19

Simple Face Mask oxy precentage​

Answer 19

35-55% if flow rate is 5-10 L/minute

Question 20

Simple Face Mask can be used with

Answer 20

Can be used in conjunction with humidifier

Question 21

Trach mask (collar) goes over what

Answer 21

Device that goes over the tracheostomy tube or surgically created stoma

Question 22

Rebreather Mask

Answer 22

• Consists of a mask and a reservoir and are used to allow a high percentage of oxygen to be delivered.
  A. Partial Rebreather
  B. Non-rebreathing

Question 23

Other Forms Supplemental Oxygenation

Answer 23

• Aerosol mask (nebulizer)
• Venturi mask
• Face Tent

Question 24

what is Noninvasive Positive-Pressure Ventilation

Answer 24

Form of mechanical ventilation that uses a mask instead of an artificial airway

short term ventilation

Question 25

types of Noninvasive Positive-Pressure Ventilation

Answer 25

• Manual resuscitator
• Non-Invasive Positive Pressure Ventilation

Question 26

types of Noninvasive Positive-Pressure Ventilation

Answer 26

• Manual resuscitator
• Non-Invasive Positive Pressure Ventilation

Question 27

when is Manual Resuscitation used

Answer 27

• Emergency response situation
• Need to disconnect the patient from mechanical ventilator for a prolonged period of time
• Stimulate or mimic a cough and/or to augment tidal volume

Question 28

BiPAP

Answer 28

• Patient triggers delivery of positive pressure with negative inspiratory force
• Inspiratory positive airway pressure (IPAP)
• Expiratory positive airway pressure (EPAP)

Question 29

CPAP

Answer 29

air is provided continuously so the airway remain open