Forms of Invasive Life Support Flashcards
parenchyma
the functional tissue of an organ as distinguished from the connective and supporting tissue.
pulmonary toilet
exercises and procedures that help to clear your airways of mucus and other secretions.
Indications for Mechanical Ventilation - respitory
Meetphysiologicneedsinacute respiratory failure
Indicated by failure of the respiratory system to maintain an adequate balance of pH, PaO2, and/or PaCO2
indications for Mechanical Ventilation - protect
Protect the airway and lung parenchyma (drug overdose, cerebrovascular accident, head or spinal cord injury)
indications for Mechanical Ventilation - upper
Relieve upper airway obstruction (tumor, allergic reaction, edema)
indications for Mechanical Ventilation - toilet
Improve pulmonary toilet in pt with excessive secretions or inability to successfully clear secretions by coughing
Patient not able to breath - b/c
- Airflow obstruction
- Noncompliant lungs/thorax
- Respiratory muscle weakness
- Need for positive pressure mechanical ventilatory assistance (acute respiratory failure with resulting inadequate oxygenation)
pt should not breath - b/c
- Need to minimize oxygen consumption by decreasing work of breathing (septic shock)
- Inability to protect the lower airway from aspiration
- Surgical or diagnostic procedure
Ventilator pressure
Positive pressure – air pushed in to fill the lungs
Intubation or Airway Adjunct - ventilation
- Oral pharyngeal
- Nasal pharyngeal
- Endotracheal
- Tracheal
when is Oral Endotracheal Tube used
it is the last resort
Oral Endotracheal Tube 4 primary reasons
- Upper airway obstruction
- Inability to protect the lower airway from aspiration
- Inability to clear secretions from the lower airways
- Need for positive-pressure mechanical ventilatory assistance
Tracheostomy Tube - upper
Complete upper airway obstruction
(emergent)
Tracheostomy Tube - intubation
Long term intubation
Tracheostomy Tube - face
ETT (endotracheal tube) impossible due to facial trauma
Tracheostomy Tube - work
decreased work of breathing
Tracheostomy Tube - weaning
Facilitate ventilator weaning- reduced need for sedation, improves ability to clear secretions, improved patient comfort
Possible Complications of Tracheostomy
- Misplacement of tube
- Primary hemorrhage
- Pneumothorax, hemothorax * Surgical emphysema
- Infection
- Late hemorrhage
- Tracheoesophageal fistula
Tracheostomy
an opening created at the front of the neck so a tube can be inserted into the windpipe (trachea) to help you breathe.
Speaking with a Tracheostomy
Passy-Muir Valve