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z catholic christianity > forms of expression and ways of life > Flashcards

forms of expression and ways of life Flashcards

1
Q

Name six key features of a church.

A

key features of a church:

  • many churches face east
  • many churches are cruciform (shape of crucifix)
  • some are round
  • some are octagonal
  • high vaulted ceilings and spires
  • stained-glass windows
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2
Q

What belief does this feature of a church reflect:

many churches face east

A

many churches face east:

- the sun rises in the east, as Jesus rose on the day of the resurrection

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3
Q

What belief does this feature of a church reflect:

many churches are cruciform

A

many churches are cruciform:

- the cross is a symbol of the Church, a reminder of Jesus’ death and sacrifice

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4
Q

What belief does this feature of a church reflect:

some churches are round

A

some churches are round:

- they represent the eternal nature of God

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5
Q

What belief does this feature of a church reflect:

some churches are octagonal

A

some churches are octagonal:

- represent a star, bringing light into the world

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6
Q

What belief does this feature of a church reflect:

high vaulted ceilings and spires

A

high vaulted ceilings and spires:

- connect to heaven and reach towards God

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7
Q

What belief does this feature of a church reflect:

stained-glass windows

A

stained-glass windows:

- tell stories of the saints and from the Bible, useful when people can’t read

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8
Q

What are four uses of the church?

A

uses of the church:

  • mass
  • sacraments
  • private prayer
  • popular piety
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9
Q

What does the word ‘church’ mean?

A

‘Church’ means gathered people.

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10
Q

What is a lectern? What is its significance?

A

A lectern is a book stand from which readings are read. It is important as:

  • the Liturgy of the Word is a key feature of the Mass
  • the Homily and other prayers are read from there and
  • redemption is achieved through responding to the Word of God
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11
Q

What is the altar? What is its significance?

A

The altar is the table that is the focal point inside a church. It is important as:

  • it represents the table at the Last Supper
  • it links to the Temple, an altar built by Moses
  • redemption is achieved through the sacrifice made by Jesus, prepared at the Last Supper
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12
Q

What is the crucifix? What is its significance?

A

The crucifix is a cross with an image of the crucified Jesus on it. It is important as:

  • it is an aid to prayer
  • it is a reminder of Jesus’ suffering
  • redemption is possible through the sacrifice made by Jesus in his death on the cross
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13
Q

What is the tabernacle? What is its significance?

A

The tabernacle is a box where the Eucharist is kept. It is important as:

  • it is a ‘dwelling place’ of Jesus
  • it is a physical reminder of the redemption made possible through Jesus’ death and resurrection
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14
Q

What is the baptismal font?

A

The baptismal font contains Holy water used to wash away original sin and begin life in the Church. It is found at the back (traditional) or front (modern) of churches.

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15
Q

What is a confessional?

A

A confessional is a small room or wooden construction dedicated to reconciliation.

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16
Q

What is the Stations of the Cross?

A

The Stations of the Cross are images from the story of the Passion of Christ.

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17
Q

What is a water stoup?

A

A water stoup is Holy water at the entrance to make the sign of the cross.

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18
Q

Give four examples of ‘objects of devotion.’

A

objects of devotion (sacred objects)

  • relics
  • rosary beads
  • candles
  • holy water
19
Q

What are sacred vessels?

A

Sacred vessels are important in the celebration of the Eucharist.

20
Q

What is the ciborium?

A

A ciborium is a covered dish for the rest of the hosts. It is a sacred vessel.

21
Q

What is a paten?

A

A paten is a plate for the large host used by the priest. It is a sacred vessel.

22
Q

What is a chalice?

A

A chalice is a cup for the wine. It is a sacred vessel.

23
Q

What is a sarcophagi? What is their history?

A
  • a sarcophagi is a box like container for a corpse
  • the earliest Christians were buried in large tombs or in underground tunnels
  • later Christians began to be buried in sarcophagi with scenes from the Bible on the side
  • today, it is usually the Popes who are buried in these
  • they are a physical reminder of the person who died and a focus of prayer.
24
Q

What are hunger cloths?

A

Hunger cloths were used in the Middle Ages to cover the altar during Lent, covered in images and stories from the Bible.

25
Q

What is renaissance art?

A

Renaissance art (1300-1700) usually focused on religious themes or stories from the Bible.

26
Q

Name two pieces of religious artwork, their artist and their location.

A

pieces of artwork:
1) The Creation of Adam - ceiling of Sistine Chapel, Vatican - by Fresco

2) Mystic Nativity - painting - Botticelli

27
Q

Describe the Creation of Adam artwork.

A

the Creation of Adam

  • God is close, but not on Earth (fingers aren’t quite touching)
  • God has a close relationship with humans
  • not good as God shouldn’t be a person
28
Q

Describe the Mystic Nativity artwork.

A

Mystic Nativity

  • God is protective as angels surround them
  • Heaven and Earth join as angels pour out from above
  • devils run away
  • not accurate as there wasn’t a lot of people there
29
Q

What do Catholics usually do before a religious statue?

A

before a religious statue:

  • reflection of scripture, writings or records, attempting to produce a likeness
  • kneel before them
  • kiss or touch them
  • light a candle before them
  • pray before them
  • they DO NOT worship the statues as it is against the Ten Commandments
30
Q

What do Catholics usually do before a sculpture?

A

before a sculpture:

  • an expression of faith in an emotive way, conveying a message through an unconventional image
  • meditation
  • reflection upon them
31
Q

What is the purpose and use of the cross and the crucifix?

A

the cross and the crucifix:

  • includes a figure of Jesus, a reminder of death and resurrection, which led to forgiveness and salvation
  • used widely since the 4th century
  • found in all churches, and most Catholic homes
  • a focus of prayer and sometimes worn as jewellery
32
Q

What is the purpose and use of the fish?

A

the fish:

  • “I will make you fishers of men” - Matthew 4:19
  • originally used by early Christians as a way of signalling to other Christians in secret
33
Q

What is the purpose and use of the chi rho?

A

the chi rho:

  • the first two letters of the word Christ in Greek
  • the symbol used by the Romans when they adopted Christianity
  • often found on the altar and vestments of priests
  • uncommon in non-Catholic churches
34
Q

What is the purpose and use of the dove?

A

the dove:

  • suggests the Holy Spirit and peace
  • may be used in Christian artwork, or by Justice and Peace organisations
  • sometimes found on the Tabernacle
35
Q

What is the purpose and use of the eagle?

A

the eagle:

  • symbol of Jesus’ divine nature, and a symbol of the evangelist John
  • commonly used in Protestant churches in the lectern design, but unusual to find this in a Catholic church
36
Q

What is the purpose and use of the Alpha and Omega?

A

the Alpha and Omega:

  • Jesus says, ‘I am the Alpha and the Omega’ - Revelation
  • shows the eternal nature of Jesus (first to last)
  • found on the Paschal Candle, and other decorations
37
Q

What is the purpose and use of the evangelists?

A

the evangelists:

  • most common ordering is St Jerome’s - Matthew (human/angel), Mark (lion), Luke (ox), John (eagle)
  • these may feature on decoration of stained-glass windows, lectern, around the altar etc
  • common in baptisteries of Italian cathedrals
38
Q

What are mystery plays? What is their history?

A

mystery plays:

  • earliest form of drama in medieval Europe
  • they are performed Bible stories
  • clergy were banned from being involved from 1210
  • guilds performed, travelling from town to town
  • banned in England from 1534 as part of reformation, but it continued in Europe
  • has been revived since the 1950s
39
Q

What are passion plays? What is their history?

A

passion plays:

  • Easter pageants, story of the Passion of Jesus
  • popular in medieval times
  • banned as part of the reformation
  • now common at Easter
40
Q

What is the official source of music in Catholicism?

A

The Roman Gradual is the official source of music in Catholicism.

41
Q

What are hymns?

A

hymns:

  • religious songs for purpose of praise, adoration or prayer
  • the earliest hymns are the psalms
  • often linked to readings or the Church season
42
Q

What is plainchant?

A

plainchant:

  • singing without music
  • Gregorian Chant is sung in churches and monasteries
43
Q

What are psalms?

A

psalms:

  • found in the Old Testament
  • second reading is usually a responsorial psalm
44
Q

What are worship songs?

A

worship songs:

  • contemporary music
  • linked to charismatic or youth movements

z catholic christianity (8 decks)

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