Formative - Immunology 18/11/19 Flashcards
Activation of naïve T cells is best achieved by which antigen presenting cells?
a) Neutrophils
b) Mast cells
c) Macrophages
d) Dendritic cells
D - Dendritic cells
What cell type is described below?
Located exclusively in tissues, has an important role in both the innate and adaptive immune system, are antigen presenting cells and have phagocytic properties
a) Macrophage
b) Neutrophil
c) Eosinophil
d) Mast cell
e) Fibroblast
A - Macrophage
Which of the following is not involved in innate immune mechanisms?
a) Anatomic barriers
b) Phagocytic
c) Inflammatory mechanisms
d) Antibody production
e) Skin
D - Antibody production
T cells recognise antigens:
a) In solution in plasma
b) When presented on red blood cells
c) Following presentation on antigen presenting cells
d) In a 3-dimensional form
e) Following presentation on pattern recognition receptors
C - Following presentation on antigen presenting cells
Influenza vaccine is targeted towards ‘at risk’ groups in the UK. Which of the following are classified as ‘at risk’?
a) Over 65 years
b) 16 years old
c) The obese of any age
d) Teenagers
e) Under 2 years old
A - Over 65 years
AND
E - Under 2 years old
Which of the following is administered as a live attenuated vaccine in the UK?
a) Hepatitis A
b) Measles, Mumps, Rubella
c) Tetanus
d) Flu
e) Polio
B - Measles, Mumps, Rubella
Complements are the proteins that are involved in the clearance of antigen/bacteria. Which of the following is not part of the Elimination phase of complement activation?
a) Opsonisation
b) Target cell lysis
c) Chemoattraction of leukocytes
d) Production of interferons
e) Phagocytosis
D - Production of interferons
Which of the following is a polysaccharide vaccine?
a) Anthrax vaccine
b) Hib vaccine (Haemophilus influenza type b)
c) Rabies vaccine
d) Hepatitis A
B - Hib Vaccine (Haemophilus influenza type b)
Which of the following are features of the adaptive immune response?
a) Does not require prior contact with the pathogen
b) It works with B and T lymphocytes
c) Lacks specificity
d) Distinguishes “self” from “non-self”
e) Enhanced by complement
B - It works with B and T lymphocytes
What are the two types of immune response in humans?
a) Immunological tolerance
b) Immune surveillance
c) Innate and acquired
d) Intrinsic and extrinisic
e) Overt and covert
C - Innate and acquired
Which of the following is not an organ-specific auto-immune disease?
a) Ulcerative colitis
b) Type 1 diabetes mellitus
c) Graves disease
d) Hashimoto’s thyroiditis
e) Sjogren’s syndrome
A- Ulcerative colitis
Which of the following is not a classical PAMP?
a) peptidoglycan, found in bacterial cell walls;
b) flagellin, a protein found in bacterial flagella;
c) lipopolysaccharide (LPS) from the outer membrane of gram-negative bacteria;
d) Interleukin 12
e) nucleic acids such as viral DNA or RNA.
D - Interleukin 12
