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CLASP Year 2 > Formative Assessment > Flashcards

Formative Assessment Flashcards

1
Q

How many units of alcohol are in a standard glass of wine (175ml)?

A

2 units of alcohol

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2
Q

What is AST short for?

A

Aspartate aminotransferase

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3
Q

What is the Ligamentum teres within the falciform ligament formed from?

A

Umbilical vein

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4
Q

What is portal hypertension mostly associated with?

A

Splenomegaly

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5
Q

What is acute pancreatitis associated with?

A

Steroid use

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6
Q

Where is Alk Phos not found?

A

The lung

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7
Q

What may result from persistent vomiting?

A

Metabolic alkalosis

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8
Q

Where are hepatocytes not found in the liver?

A

The portal tract

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9
Q

What substance is bilirubin produced from in a normal metabolic pathway?

A

Biliverdin

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10
Q

What kind of shock will a patient with haematemesis suffer from?

A

Hypovolaemic shock

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11
Q

What is the liver derived from embryologically?

A

The foregut

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12
Q

How is glucose produced once the glycogen stores in the liver have been used?

A

Gluconeogenesis

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13
Q

Where is the respiratory centre of the brain located?

A

The brainstem

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14
Q

What confers the strongest risk for hepatocellular carcinoma?

A

Alcohol

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15
Q

What is ALT short for?

A

Alanine aminotransferase

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16
Q

Why do women become intoxicated faster than men?

A

They have less alcohol dehydrogenase and a higher percentage of body fat

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17
Q

What effect do water, caffeine and glucose have on alcohol elimination?

A

Absolutely none

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18
Q

What cardiomyopathy is associated with chronic alcoholism?

A

Dilated cardiomyopathy

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19
Q

Which clotting factor is not made in the liver?

A

Clotting factor VIII

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20
Q

How many segments is the liver divided into?

A

8 segments

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21
Q

What are treatments intended to manage ascites in cirrhosis aimed at?

A

Reducing sodium levels

22
Q

What is alcohol known to increase the precipitation of?

A

Uric acid

23
Q

What does the term inotrope refer to?

A

Cardiac contractility

24
Q

What syndrome is severe alcoholic hepatitis associated with?

A

Hepatorenal syndrome

25
Q

What cells is fibrosis/cirrhosis of the liver mediated by?

A

Hepatic stellate cells/interstitial cells of Ito

26
Q

How does Antabuse work?

A

Inhibits aldehyde dehydrogenase

27
Q

How is Dupuytren’s contracture caused?

A

Scarring of the palmar fascia

28
Q

What is the legal age for drinking alcohol at home whilst supervised?

A

5 years old

29
Q

Which nerve supplies the heart?

A

The vagus nerve

30
Q

What is a patient with normal GGT, AST and ALT but high Alk Phos likely to have?

A

Bone disease

31
Q

What is alcohol initially metabolised by?

A

Alcohol dehydrogenase

32
Q

What is jaundice as a result of alcoholic hepatitis caused by?

A

Conjugated bilirubin

33
Q

What is thiamine deficiency associated with?

A

Wernicke-Korsakoff Syndrome

34
Q

Why does alcohol cause diuresis?

A

It decreases ADH levels

35
Q

What biochem test is most useful for assessing synthetic liver function in a patient with an upper GI bleed?

A

Prothrombin time

36
Q

What is the definition of binge drinking?

A

> 8 units/day for men and women

37
Q

What drug is used for medically assisted alcohol withdrawl?

A

Chlorodiazepoxide

38
Q

What is the abnormal gait associated with Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome called?

A

Ataxic gait

39
Q

What drug causes a faster rate of alcohol absorption?

A

Domperidone

40
Q

What is the cause of facial flushing and feeling unwell?

A

Aldehyde

41
Q

How many units are in a 70cl bottle of 40% alcohol?

A

28 units

42
Q

What is measured to assess perfusion in a patient with a severe GI bleed?

A

Lactate

43
Q

How many calories are in 1g of alcohol?

A

7kcal

44
Q

Is narrowing repertoire a recognised feature of dependence syndrome as per ICD-10?

A

No

45
Q

What is the usual timescale for the development of delirium tremens?

A

3-10 days

46
Q

What is the safe limit for drinking during pregnancy as per the UK Chief Medical Officer?

A

None-there is no safe level

47
Q

According to the World Cancer Research Fund, there is a strong association between drinking alcohol and which cancer?

A

Breast cancer

48
Q

What is listed under part 2 of the death certificate?

A

Conditions contributing but not directly responsible for death

49
Q

What is sometimes used to treat patients with an osmol gap?

A

Ethanol (used to treat methanol poisoning)

50
Q

How many units of alcohol are in a 1l premium bottle of cider (8%)?

A

10 units

51
Q

What are caput medusae not associated with?

A

Acute pancreatitis

CLASP Year 2 (10 decks)

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