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Adele Respiratory 1 > Formative > Flashcards

Formative Flashcards

1
Q 
The maximum volume of air that can be voluntarily exhaled after a maximal inspiration is called:
A. Expiratory Reserve Volume
B. Functional Residual Capacity
C. Residual Volume
D. Vital Capacity
E. Vital Volume
A

D. Vital Capacity

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2
Q

Air flows into the lungs during inspiration because:
A. The external intercostal and diaphragm muscles contract and thoracic volume decreases
B. The external intercostal and diaphragm muscles contract and thoracic volume increases
C. The intercostal and abdominal muscles contract and thoracic volume decreases
D. The internal intercostal and abdominal muscles contract and thoracic volume increases
E. The internal intercostal and diaphragm muscles contract and thoracic volume increases

A

B. The external intercostal and diaphragm muscles contract and thoracic volume increases

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3
Q 
Mr Tickle has a respiratory rate of 10 breaths per minute and a tidal volume of 700ml. If his residual volume measures 1000ml and his dead space volume measures 200ml what is Mr Tickle's alveolar ventilation?
A. 5000ml/min
B. 7200ml/min
C. 8000ml/min
D. 9000ml/min
E. 10,000ml/min
A

A. 5000ml/min

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4
Q 
The partial pressure of oxygen in mixed venous blood is typically around:
A. 40mmHg (5.3kPa)
B. 46mmHg (6.1kPa)
C. 100mmHg (13.3kPa)
D. 160mmHg (21.3kPa)
E. 200mmHg (26.7kPa)
A

A. 40mmHg (5.3kPa)

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5
Q

Arterial partial pressure of oxygen will be reduced in which of the following conditions?
A. Anaemia resulting from iron deficiency
B. Anaemia resulting from vitamin B12 deficiency
C. Carbon monoxide poisoning
D. Emphysema
E. Traumatic peripheral haemorrhage

A

D. Emphysema

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6
Q

Which of the following statements is NOT true for individuals with chronic lung disease?
A. Arterial PCO2 levels are elevated
B. Nitrous oxide is a safe sedative to use
C. They are said to be on hypoxic drive
D. They have decreased sensitivity to PCO2
E. They rely on their peripheral chemoreceptors for stimulating ventilation

A

B. Nitrous oxide is a safe sedative to use

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7
Q

“Shunt” is a term that would be associated with which of the following situations:
A. Bulk transport of oxygen via haemoglobin to peripheral tissues
B. Movement of air through the conducting airways to the alveoli during inspiration
C. Pulmonary embolism
D. When perfusion exceeds ventilation in L/min
E. When ventilation exceeds perfusion in L/min

A

D. When perfusion exceeds ventilation in L/min

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8
Q 
Which of the following is most likely to shift the haemoglobin oxygen binding curve to the right?
A. Asthma attack
B. Hypothermia
C. Presence of foetal haemoglobin
D. Respiratory alkalosis
E. Voluntary hyperventilation
A

A. Asthma attack

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9
Q

the lungs are dissimilar in their gross anatomical features. The left is characterised by:
A. A cardiac notch in its posterior border
B. An absence of visceral pleura within its fissures
C. An eparterial bronchus in its hilum
D. Oblique and transverse fissures
E. Upper and lower lobes separated by the oblique fissure

A

E. Upper and lower lobes separated by the oblique fissure

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10
Q

A 59 year old man with known squamous carcinoma of the lung is admitted to hospital as an emergency with abdominal pain, constipation and confusion.
The most appropriate investigation would be:
A. Bronchoscopy
B. Chest x-ray
C. Mediastinoscopy
D. Sputum cytology
E. Serum calcium

A

E. Serum calcium

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11
Q

A 79 year old woman with a peripheral spiculated opacity on chest x-ray and an enlarged supraclavicular lymph node.
The most appropriate investigation would be:
A. Bronchoscopy
B. CT thorax
C. Fine needle aspiration (FNA) lymph node
D. Lung function tests
E. Sputum cytology

A

C. Fine needle aspiration (FNA) lymph node

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12
Q

A 55 year old obese business man complains of excessive daytime somnolence, snoring and frequent napping. He undergoes overnight oximetry which shows 10 desaturations per hour.
His classification on the Obstructive Sleep Apnoea Severity scale is:
A. Mild
B. Moderate
C. Normal - no further investigation required
D. Normal - should be referred for limited sleep study
E. Severe

A

A. Mild

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13
Q 
A 50 year old man has lobar pneumonia.
The most likely organism to be involved is:
A. Chlamydia psittaci
B. Haemophilus influenzae
C. Legionella pneumoniae
D. Pseudomonas aeruginosa
E. Streptococcus pneumoniae
A

E. Streptococcus pneumoniae

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14
Q

A 38 year old with exacerbation of asthma is too tired to speak or do a peak flow.
Normal values: pH 7.37-7.43, PaO2 11-15kPa, PaCO2 4.6-6.4kPa
His blood gas results are most likely to be:
A. pH 6.91, PaO2 16.7kPa, PaCO2 2.9kPa (on air)
B. pH 7.5, PaO2 6.6kPa, PaCO2 11.2kPa (on air)
C. pH 7.15, PaO2 29.6kPa, PaCO2 10.6kPa (on air)
D. pH 7.22, PaO2 7.8kPa, PaCO2 8.6kPa (on air)
E. pH 7.41, PaO2 11.5kPa, PaCO2 4.6kPa (on air)

A

D. pH 7.22, PaO2 7.8kPa, PaCO2 8.6kPa (on air)

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15
Q

The British Thoracic Guidelines for the treatment of chronic asthma recommend that a patient with newly diagnosed asthma who is waking up at night because of asthma should be commenced on:
A. Inhaled beta-2 agonist and leukotriene receptor antagonist
B. Inhaled beta-2 agonist
C. Inhaled corticosteroids and inhaled beta-2 agonist
D. Inhaled leukotriene antagonist
E. Inhaled sodium chromoglycate

A

C. Inhaled corticosteroids and inhaled beta-2 agonist

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16
Q

A 19 year old previously healthy woman experiences sudden onset of severe right sided chest pain whilst walking upstairs. The pain is associated with breathlessness. Both symptoms are still prominent when she presents to the Accident and Emergency Department one hour later.
The most likely diagnosis is:
A. Acute interstitial pneumonitis (Haman-Rich syndrome)
B. Aspiration pneumonia
C. Bronchietasis
D. Primary pneumothorax
E. Pulmonary sequestration

A

D. Primary pneumothorax

17
Q

A 32 year old man is recovering from a bad attack of pneumonia for which he has been off work for several weeks. He goes on to develop rigors, a persistently poor appetite and increasing shortness of breath on exertion, After a week of oral antibiotic treatment his GP refers him to the local respiratory medicine unit for admission.
The most likely diagnosis is:
A. Acute interstitial pneumonitis (Haman-Rich syndrome)
B. Aspiration pneumonia
C. Empyema thoracis
D. Giant pulmonary bulla
E. Tuberculosis

A

C. Empyema thoracis

18
Q

A 30 year old woman is admitted to the mergency department with an acute exacerbation of her chronic asthma. Her PaO2 was 7.8kPa (normal 11-15kPa) and her PaCO2 was 8.6kPa (normal 4.6-6.4kPa) on air. Her arterial gas on admission confirmed type 2 respiratory failure requiring admission to the intensive care unit for possible ventilation.
What would be the most appropriate immediate treatment?
A. Inhaled beta-2 agonist
B. Inhaled corticosteroids
C. Leukotriene receptor antagonist
D. Nebulised beta-2 agonist
E. Oral beta-2 agonist

A

D. Nebulised beta-2 agonist

Adele Respiratory 1 (8 decks)

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