Anatomy - Part 2

Question 1

which bones articulate with the manubrium at its superolateral angles?

Answer 1

clavicles

Question 2

what is the name given to the joints where the clavicles and manubrium articulate?

Answer 2

sternoclavicular joint

Question 3

what type of joint is the sternoclavicular joint?

Answer 3

synovial saddle

Question 4

what is the name given to the notch formed by the superior border of the manubrium?

Answer 4

suprasternal notch

Question 5

at what vertebral level is the xiphoid process located?

Answer 5

T9

Question 6

at what vertebral level is the sternomanubrial joint found?

Answer 6

T4

Question 7

which ribs are the ‘typical ribs’?

Answer 7

3-9

Question 8

with the bodies of which thoracic vertebrae will the head of rib 7 articulate?

Answer 8

6 and 7

Question 9

with which thoracic vertebral structure does the tubercle articulate?

Answer 9

transverse process

Question 10

which structures lie in the costal groove?

Answer 10

intercostal vein, artery and nerve

Question 11

which ribs are true ribs (vertebrosternal)?

Answer 11

1-7

Question 12

which ribs are false ribs (vertebrochondral)?

Answer 12

8-12

Question 13

which ribs are floating ribs?

Answer 13

11 and 12

Question 14

which ribs only articulate with one vertebra?

Answer 14

1st

Question 15

which vessel lies in the groove anterior to the scalene tubercle?

Answer 15

subclavian vein

Question 16

which vessel lies in the groove posterior to the scalene tubercle?

Answer 16

subclavian artery

Question 17

which muscle is primarily used for breathing in the newborn?

Answer 17

diaphragm

Question 18

between which two intercostal muscles is the neurovascular bundle located?

Answer 18

innermost and internal

Question 19

from superior to inferior, which structures comprise the neurovascular bundle?

Answer 19

vein, artery, nerve

Question 20

anteriorly, how far do the external intercostal muscles fill the intercostal space?

Answer 20

as far as the costochondral junction

Question 21

what fills the remaining part of the intercostal space anteriorly once the external intercostal muscles stop?

Answer 21

external intercostal membrane

Question 22

posteriorly, how far do the internal intercostal muscles fill the intercostal space?

Answer 22

from the sternum to the costal angles

Question 23

what fills the remaining part of the intercostal space posteriorly once the internal intercostal muscles stop?

Answer 23

internal intercostal membrane

Question 24

what fills the remaining part of the intercostal space anteriorly once the innermost intercostal muscles stop?

Answer 24

transversus thoracis muscles

Question 25

what fills the remaining part of the intercostal space posteriorly once the innermost intercostal muscles stop?

Answer 25

subcostalis muscles

Question 26

what is a dermatome?

Answer 26

area of skin mainly supplied by a single spinal nerve

Question 27

what is the dermatome overlying the sternal angle?

Answer 27

T2

Question 28

what is the dermatome overlying the nipple area?

Answer 28

T4

Question 29

what is the dermatome overlying the umbilicus?

Answer 29

T10

Question 30

what is the dermatome overlying the inguinal region?

Answer 30

L1

Question 31

which of the left or right dome of the diaphragm lies more superior during normal expiration? why?

Answer 31

right, due to covering the liver

Question 32

what cardiac structure is firmly attached to the central tendon?

Answer 32

fibrous pericardium

Question 33

which membrane covers the superior surface of the diaphragm?

Answer 33

parietal pleura

Question 34

when the diaphragm contracts, do the domes ascend or descend?

Answer 34

descend

Question 35

what vertebral levels of the spinal cord contribute to the phrenic nerves?

Answer 35

C3, 4, 5

Question 36

through which part of the diaphragm does the inferior vena cava pass - central tendinous or muscular? how does this aid venous return?

Answer 36

muscular - can squeeze

Question 37

which lies more laterally - the vagus nerve or the phrenic nerve?

Answer 37

phrenic

Question 38

at which vertebral level does the trachea bifurcate?

Answer 38

T4

Question 39

how does one view a CT scan by clinical convention - feet up or head down?

Answer 39

feet up

Question 40

what is the name of the muscle completing the tracheal rings posteriorly?

Answer 40

trachealis

Question 41

which two major arteries arch over the left main bronchus?

Answer 41

aorta and left pulmonary artery

Question 42

what is the hilum of the lung?

Answer 42

the area on the medial surface through which structures enter or leave the lung

Question 43

what is the root of the lung?

Answer 43

the structures which enter and leave the lung at the hilum