Forests Under Threat Paper 3

Question 1

biome

Answer 1

A biome is a large area characterised by certain types of plants and animals

Question 2

inputs

Answer 2

Something that is put into the system

Question 3

outputs

Answer 3

Something that is produced by the system

Question 4

store

Answer 4

where something is kept

Question 5

flow

Answer 5

How something moves from one store to another

Question 6

recycling

Answer 6

How material/energy is used in the system

Question 7

leaching

Answer 7

When nutrients are washed out of the soil by water moving through it

Question 8

Tertiary consumers

Answer 8

A carnivore at the topmost level in a food chain that feeds on other carnivores; an animal that feeds only on secondary consumers

Question 9

Secondary consumers

Answer 9

Eat primary consumers. Can be classified into one of two groups. Carnivores (eat meat), Omnivores (eat meat and plants)

Question 10

Primary consumers

Answer 10

Eat plants exclusively and are all herbivores

Question 11

Producers

Answer 11

Organisms- either a green plant or bacterium which is part of the first level of a food chain

Question 12

Detrivores

Answer 12

A detritivore is an organism that eats dead or decaying plants or animals as food

Question 13

Decomposers

Answer 13

an organism, usually a bacterium or fungus, that breaks down the cells of dead plants and animals into simpler substances

Question 14

Taiga or boreal forest

Answer 14

Taiga is Russian for forest. The world’s largest biome made up on coniferous trees that have adapted to a cold climate. It has a n extreme subarctic climate. Biodiversity is low

Question 15

biodiversity

Answer 15

The variety of plant and animal life in the world or in a particular habitat

Question 16

net primary productivity (npp)

Answer 16

This is a measure of how much new plant and animal growth or biomass is added to a biome each year

Question 17

direct threat

Answer 17

clear link between one thing happening and the damage being caused to something else – deliberately cutting down trees

Question 18

indirect threat

Answer 18

Caused by global warming/pollution – e.g. increased CO2 levels

Question 19

intact forest

Answer 19

These are primary forests that have never been deforested.

Question 20

CITES

Answer 20

Reducing emissions from deforestation and forest degradation A United Nations project whose purpose it is to stop deforestatio

Question 21

REDD

Answer 21

Reducing emissions from deforestation and forest degradation A United Nations project whose purpose it is to stop deforestation

Question 22

sustainable forest management

Answer 22

This is about conserving forests by ensuring they are not used faster than they can be renewed

Question 23

agroforestry

Answer 23

Growing trees and crops together. Some crops benefit from the shelter of the tree canopy. Trees also prevent soil erosion and crops benefit from the nutrients in the leaf litter

Question 24

selective logging

Answer 24

Trees are only cut down when they reach a certain height. Young trees are allowed to mature so the height of the canopy is maintained

Question 25

afforestation

Answer 25

The replanting of trees to replace the original, primary forest that has been lost

Question 26

monitoring

Answer 26

Satellite technology and photos are used to ensure that no illegal activities are taking place and that landowners follow guidelines for sustainability

Question 27

sustainability

Answer 27

Sustainability ensures that future generations can access the environment, while current generations use it effectively for social, economic and environmental gain

Question 28

creating a wilderness

Answer 28

An area undisturbed human activity

Question 29

national park

Answer 29

An area mostly in natural state that is managed to protect biodiversity

Question 30

sustainable forestry

Answer 30

Ways of harvesting forest without damaging it in the long-term

Question 31

Clear cutting

Answer 31

This is the logging of all trees in a wide area of forest.