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Analytical Chemistry > Forensic Toxicology > Flashcards

Forensic Toxicology Flashcards

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1
Q

What is forensic toxicology?

A

study of the adverse effects of chemicals on living organisms, organ system, individual organs, tissues and cells

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2
Q

Name 6 toxic compound groups

A

gases

volatile organic compounds

drugs

metals

pesticides and persistent organic pollutants

anions

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3
Q

Define a toxic compound

A

all substance are poisonous, there is none which is not a poison. The right dose differentiates a poison and a remedy.

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4
Q

Define Dose

A

the amount of a substance at a certain time

perceived as the total amount of poison administered

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5
Q

Define dose rate

A

better definition than ‘dose’

amount of substance administered to an organism during a defined time span

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6
Q

What is exposure dose?

A

amount in soil, water, air, food

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7
Q

What is ingested/applied dose?

A

dose or dose rate

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8
Q

what is absorbed dose?

A

amount in the body

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9
Q

what is dose is tissue?

A

dose at tissue level

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10
Q

what is biologically effective dose?

A

concentration of compound at target molecule

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11
Q

what is analytical toxicology

A

use of physiochemical techniques for analysis of foreign compounds

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12
Q

what is forensic toxicology in applied toxicology?

A

determining causes of death and injuries

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13
Q

what is occupational toxicology in applied toxicology

A

risk at work

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14
Q

what is clinical toxicology in applied toxicology

A

toxic induced diseases and antidotes

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15
Q

what is developmental toxicology in applied toxicology

A

teratogenesis, induced malformations in embryos or foetuses

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16
Q

what is environmental toxicology in applied toxicology

A

pollutants in air, water and soil as well as animals

17
Q

What is descriptive toxicology

A

identify and describe the toxicological profile

18
Q

what is mechanistic toxicology

A

identify and describe how the toxic compounds exert their toxic effects

19
Q

what is regulatory toxicology

A

risk assessment and risk management

determination of risk based on descriptive and mechanistic toxicology to develop safety regulations

20
Q

what is clinical toxicology

A

when toxicological and analytical techniques and methods are applied to identify the compound responsible for an acute/chronic poisoning for the purpose of treatment

21
Q

what is the main purpose for clinical toxicology

A

keep a poisoned person alive

22
Q

what is the main purpose for forensic toxicology

A

to verify if a crime could be behind an acute/chronic poisoning

23
Q

what are 5 important questions in forensic toxicology

A

was this person poisoned due to a crime?

What is the poison?

How was the poison administered?

What effect did the poison have?

Harmful/deadly dose of the poison?

24
Q

what is accidental poisoning

A

results from an accident, error, carelessness, or an unexpected situation in the working environment

25
Q

what is experimental poisoning

A

results from self-medication or experimentation with drugs of abuse

26
Q

what in intentional poisoning

A

someone is intoxicated on purpose, either by self-administration or by someone else

27
Q

what is strychnine

A

extremely painful death due to suffocation

symptoms 10-20 mins after administration

Analytical Chemistry (17 decks)

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