Föreläsning 10 Flashcards
What is the difference between Supply chain and logistics?
Logistics is a part of the supply chain that plans, implements and controls all parts of the flow (information and transport) between the point of origin and the point of consumption. The goals is to meet the customers requirements.
What is a modern opinion on distrubution?
well, historically distribution is seen as the last limit for cost economies. But now we see distribution as a competitive weapon. (having tracking for the customer etc)
What is process management?
How to make changes to make a process more efficient and quicker. Martins example with making an apple pie.. After ypu’ve bought your apples, you can start peeling them on the bus on the way home… that saves time… Or the shopping list example… lol
Give an example of two types of companies and how efficient they are in managing business processes.
Service managing companies are generally more efficient compared to manufacturing companies. Because they’re more focused on their area. The manufacturing company might go through many more steps than the service company because they need to go through distributors, retailers etc before they reach the costumer. (See picture on slide 8 F 16/5
What 4 types of logistics do we usually talk about?
- Business logistics - “general logistics” plans and controls the flow between the point of origin and the costumer.
- Military logistics - design and integration for the operational capability of the military forces. “Countries that win war have the best logistics”… organized fuel, food etc.
- Event logistics - the network of all resources, scheduling, management etc that is takes to run an event. A concert for example… TYp Howww did beyonce transport that damn horse
- Service logistics - the acquisition, scheduling, management of the facilities, personell etc to support a service operation or business.
Why is facility layout important?
Because it
* reduces bottlenecks,
* minimizes materials handling costs
* reduces hazards
* utilizes labour efficiently
* increases ease of supervision
* provides flexibility
* very important for JIT and lean systems.
For example the shopping list example.. write your shopping list in the order that the products are put in the store.
What are facilities called that deals with inbound materials vs customer accommodation?
Supply facing facilities vs demand facing warehouses
What are Service benefits meant to do?
Add value to the customer. By for example:
- spot stock near customer (usually seasonal)
- full-line stocking (inventory in anticipation of orders)
- stocking to support production facility
- streamlining of warehousing/integrated supply (supplier managed inventory)
What are Economic benefits meant to do?
Save money!!
- seasonal storage
- reverse logistics
*sorting
What are the 6 types of inventory?
- Cycle stocks (batching economies)
Procurement (purchase discounts, production (long production run and transportation (freight rate discounts)
- Safety stocks (uncertainty)
- Time/in transit (Mode choices)
- work in process stocks (scheduling & production techniques)
Inventory costs associated with goods in motion during the transportation.
- Seasonal stock
ex. Raw materials
- Anticipatory stocks
inventory hold in case of unusual event (strikes, significant price increases, extreme weather etc)
Describe the fixed order quanitity EOQ model and bullwhip effect.
See figures in presentation slide 18 & 19.
bull whip - creates problems in the supply chain, for example company orders too much of something because of uncertainty and the supplier then has to match that.. the chain gets distorted and affected.
what are the two phases of order management?
phase 1: Influence the order (köp till mer eller lägg till mer för gratis frakt… blir billigare för företaget att frakta en viss volym osv)
phase 2: Execute the order
What three fluctuations are demans subject to?
Random, trend and seasonal.
What are the three common forecasting techniques?
- simple moving average
Makes forecasts based on recent demand history and allows for the removal of random effects.
- Pros: quick and easy to
use
- Cons: old demand dropped quickly; not accommodate seasonal, trend, or business cycle influences
- Weighted moving average
Assigns a weight to each previous period with higher weights usually given to more recent demand.
- Pros: allows emphasis on more recent demand as a predictor of future demand.
- Cons: not easily accommodate seasonal demand patterns.
- Exponential smoothing
- Pros: simplicity and limited requirements for data, good for relatively constant demand
- Cons: forecasts will lag actual demand; Not appropriate for highly seasonal demand patterns or patterns with trends
What are the seven R’s?
- right materials
- right quantity
- right condition
- right time
- right source
- right service
- right price
