Foreign Relations And Securing The Succession

Question 1

When was the Treaty of Etaples renewed?

Answer 1

1510

Question 2

Which countries were in the anti-French alliance, the Holy League?

Answer 2

England, Spain, the Holy Roman Empire, Venice and the Papacy

Question 3

Where did Ferdinand of Aragon conquer due to using Henry, to sending 10,000 men to France under the command of Marquis of Dorset? When did this happen?

Answer 3

Navarre in 1512

Question 4

When did Henry captured the French towns of Tournai and Therouanne?

Answer 4

1513

Question 5

When did the Battle of Flodden happen against Scotland?

Answer 5

September 1513

Question 6

Who died as a result of the Battle of Flodden?

Answer 6

James IV of Scotland

Question 7

What were the consequences of Henry’s military activities in 1513?

Answer 7

• Forced to liquidate assets from his father
• Rumblings about taxation in Yorkshire
• French Pension was lost
• Tournai sold back to the French

Question 8

What did Wolsey do in 1514 with foreign policy?

Answer 8

Recovered the Etaples pension and a marriage alliance of Henry’s younger sister, Mary, and King of France, Louis XII

Question 9

Why were France and Scotland related whenever one of the countries had tensions with England?

Answer 9

The ‘auld alliance’ between France and Scotland

Question 10

What were the 2 consequences of Henry VIII running out of money for wartime in 1514?

Answer 10

• Unable to exploit weakness of Scotland after James’ death

- Sought peace with France

Question 11

Who was the French successor to Louis XII?

Answer 11

Francis I, who was Henry’s rival

Question 12

Who was the Spanish successor to Ferdinand of Aragon in 1516?

Answer 12

Charles V, who sought an alliance with France

Question 13

What did Emporer Maximilian and France agree to?

Answer 13

The Treaty of Cambrai

Question 14

Who was the heir presumptive of the Scottish throne?

Answer 14

The Duke of Albany

Question 15

What was the treaty that were the origins of peace negotiations between England and France by the Pope Leo X? And when was this established?

Answer 15

Treaty of London in 1518

Question 16

What countries were in the non-aggression pact?

Answer 16

England, France, Spain and the Holy Roman Empire

Question 17

Who did the Pope appoint as the papal legate of England?

Answer 17

Wolsey

Question 18

What was exchanged in the newfound friendship between England and France caused by the Treaty of London?

Answer 18

Tournai for a French pension

Question 19

What reinforced England and France’s good relations in June 1520 that cost the royal treasury £15,000?

Answer 19

The Field of the Cloth of Gold

Question 20

When was the Treaty of Burges negotiated between Wolsey and Charles V?

Answer 20

August 1521

Question 21

What 3 reasons did Henry agree to the Treaty of Burges?

Answer 21

• Improve relations with the Pope
• Gain territory in France
• Entailed a marriage alliance with his daughter Mary and the Emporer

Question 22

When did England invade France?

Answer 22

1522 and 1523

Question 23

What did Henry suggest to Charles at the Battle of Pavia? When did the Battle of Pavia happen?

Answer 23

To achieve territorial gains in France, in 1525

Question 24

What were 3 consequences of the Amicable Grant getting a lack of support?

Answer 24

• Henry backed down
• Resentment towards the Emperor was reinforced
• Wolsey’s domestic prestige was damaged

Question 25

Why did Henry support the League of Cognac?

Answer 25

To have a pro-French foreign policy

Question 26

What was the anti-Imperial alliance Henry and France agreed to in 1527?

Answer 26

The Treaty of Amiens

Question 27

What was the consequence of the attempted trade embargo with Burgundian lands by Wolsey?

Answer 27

Widespread unemployment and social problems in England

Question 28

What were 2 events that happened in 1529 which increased Charles V’s strength?

Answer 28

Battle of Landriano and the Peace of Cambrai

Question 29

What effect did the Peace of Cambrai of 1529 have on Henry?

Answer 29

He couldn’t solve his marital issues, leading to Wolsey’s downfall in government

Question 30

When did Henry try to ally with France after Wolsey’s downfall?

Answer 30

1532

Question 31

What did Henry ally with after breaking with Rome?

Answer 31

The League of Schmalkalden

Question 32

Why was pressure reduced from Henry in 1536?

Answer 32

- Death of Catherine of Aragon and Anne Boleyn | - Renewed fighting between the emperor and Francis I

Question 33

Why did Henry’s position weaken in 1538? (3 reasons)

Answer 33

- Treaty of Nice between Francis and Charles, severed connections with England - Pope Paul III published a bull deposing Henry - Pope sent envoys to France and Scotland to have a Catholic crusade against Henry

Question 34

How did Henry attempt to reduce Catholic pressure in 1539?

Answer 34

Six Articles Act and marrying Anne of Cleves

Question 35

Did England maintain control of the Pale in Ireland?

Answer 35

Yes

Question 36

Why did Henry find it difficult to govern Ireland?

Answer 36

The Earl of Kildare

Question 37

When did Henry fail to refashion the Irish government?

Answer 37

1534

Question 38

When was the Pale invade by 2 Gaelic nobles?

Answer 38

1539

Question 39

When did England establish Ireland as a separate kingdom?

Answer 39

1541

Question 40

Was the English invasion of Scotland in 1542 a success?

Answer 40

Yes

Question 41

How was Scotland weakened in 1542?

Answer 41

- Defeated at the Battle of Solway Moss | - James V died

Question 42

When were Prince Edward and Mary, Queen of Scots finally betrothed and which treaty did this?

Answer 42

Treaty of Greenwich in 1543

Question 43

What didn’t ratify the Treaty of Greenwich and who deserted the English cause in Scotland?

Answer 43

The Scottish Parliament and Arran deserted the English cause

Question 44

Who facilitated the invasion of France for Henry in 1544?

Answer 44

The emperor

Question 45

How did matters between France and England get worse in 1545?

Answer 45

- Francis I sent troops to Scotland to invade England - English defeated at the Battle of Ancrum Moor - French landed at aisle of Wight - Henry’s flagship, the Mary Rose, sunk

Question 46

How did the French fail in 1545?

Answer 46

Failed to recapture Boulogne and invade England

Question 47

When was peace agreed between France and England after Henry attempted invasion of France in 1544?

Answer 47

1546

Question 48

What were 2 consequences for the war with France in 1544 and 1545?

Answer 48

Sold the Crown estate and increased inflation due to debasing the coinage

Question 49

When was Princess Mary born?

Answer 49

1516

Question 50

What declared Elizabeth as the heir presumptive in 1534, and Mary as illegitimate?

Answer 50

The Succession Act

Question 51

What declared Elizabeth as illegitimate?

Answer 51

The Succession Act of 1536

Question 52

Which act re-legitimated Elizabeth and Mary?

Answer 52

The Succession Act of 1543

Question 53

What were 2 things Henry VIII’s will do?

Answer 53

- If his children died, his sister, Mary Duchess of Suffolk would be the heir - Set up a regency council for Edward

Question 54

When were the succession arrangements in his will dated?

Answer 54

30th December 1546