Foreign relations and attitudes of foreign powers Flashcards
Foreign intervention in the civil war; Comintern; the Russo-Polish war; discussions leading to the Rapallo Treaty; official recognition and the repercussions of the 'Zinoviev letter'; Lenin's rule by 1924
why was there foreign intervention in the civil war
to keep Russia in WW1 to prevent German forces being transferred to the Western front
protect the armaments and war materials given to Russia by the allies
support anti-bolshevik forces
were were the British and French forces
Archangelsk, Murmansk and the baltic states with the british navy patrolling in the baltic sea
where were american troops
Vladivostok 11,000 troops
when was the naval blockade
March 1918 to January 1920
impact of foreign intervention
they were on a very small scale and had little direct military action so did not do much
what was comintern
third communist international
international socialist organisation promoting Marxism and spreading proletarian revolution from Russia around the world
when was the first comintern and how was it successful
March 1919
more than 50 delegates from all over the world
soviet style republics had been established in Hungary and Bavaria and there was great optimism for the spread of revolution
when was the second comintern and what did it concern
July-August 1920
debates of Lenin’s 21 conditions defining relationships between communist parties and bourgeoise democratic socialist parties
some European delegations broke away as a result
polish victory meant that the hopes of spreading revolution to the west were dashed
when was the third comintern and why was it a failure
Summer 1921
communist regimes and uprisings had been crushed
moderate socialist parties that had renounced revolution were becoming established e.g. Weimar republic
comintern became Russian dominated
what was the Russo-Polish war over
Poland wanted independence but the Bolsheviks wanted to supress independence and wanted to use Poland as a geographical bridge to the West to spread revolution
how did Poland capture Kiev
allied with Ukranian military leader April 1920
launched Eastern offensive and had occupied Kiev by May 1920
how did Lenin react to the capture of Kiev
counter-attack made the polish army retreat
what is the miracle on the Vistula
August 1920 Polish army on the verge of defeat
desperate defence of Warsaw in which the Polish won leading to peace terms in the treaty of Riga in March 1921
What was the treaty of Rapallo
waived compensations for world war 1
reopening of formal diplomatic relations
mutual goodwill in commercial and economic relations
discussion leading to the treaty of Rapallo
British government made trade agreements with Russia after calling of intervention in the civil war in 1920
Britain recognised the existence of the Soviet Union
Chicherin (deputy commissar for foreign affairs) wanted to open trade with Germany, discussions in 1921 and invited to international economic conference in 1922
